This study assessed the utility of a brief assessment (the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-4th Edition; PPVT4) as a proxy for verbal IQ (VIQ) in large-scale studies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In a sample of 2,420 proband with ASD, PPVT4:IQ correlations were strong. PPVT4 scores were, on average, 5.46 points higher than VIQ; 79% of children…

This paper examined the statistical approach adopted by schools to communicate their academic achievement to stakeholders. The paper looked at the most frequently adopted method, the use of percentage scores, and discussed the limitations of its usage. The paper also explored the use of the weighted average of scores and compared it to the use of…

Recently, implicit methods have been employed as a method to understand the underlying attitudes of the participant while also bypassing the social desirability biases that explicit measures are vulnerable to. Unfortunately, the literature has not considered the viewpoints of the individuals who participate in this process and the face validity…

This study examined the relationship between personality differences between preceptor and athletic training student to evaluation scores. The personality differences of seven preceptors and their paired ATS were measured using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator test. From the quantitative findings, we cannot conclude at this time a relationship…

Within polytomous items, differential item functioning (DIF) can take on various forms due to the number of response categories. The lack of invariance at this level is referred to as differential step functioning (DSF). The most common DSF methods in the literature are the adjacent category log odds ratio (AC-LOR) estimator and cumulative…

In standard item response theory (IRT) applications, the latent variable is typically assumed to be normally distributed. If the normality assumption is violated, the item parameter estimates can become biased. Summed score likelihood based statistics may be useful for testing latent variable distribution fit. We develop Satorra-Bentler type…

School accountability systems have been roundly criticized for their narrowness, being largely informed by standardized achievement scores. With the passage of the Every Student Succeeds Act, accountability systems may become more multifaceted in coming years. This study examines pilot results of an alternative school quality framework--one…

For agencies that deliver high-stakes Second Language (L2) proficiency exams, a research agenda has been undertaken for years to examine the role of rater, task, and rubric as sources of variability into their performance assessments (Lee, 2006; Sawaki & Sinharay, 2013; Xi, 2007; Xi & Mollaun, 2006). However, these challenges are more…

The purpose of this study is to understand the role of school relationships in shaping students' character development in middle childhood. Students and teachers completed surveys on student-teacher relationships, peer relationships, social-emotional learning (SEL), parent-teacher communication, and character strengths of fairness, hope, bravery,…

The advancement in science and technology in the 21st Century necessitates improving critical thinking skills in students. Implementing digital technology such as interactive multimedia in the learning process can encourage quality learning and teaching. This study aims to create Android-based interactive multimedia that will help students improve…

In this study, the effects of context-based teaching (CBT) on the teaching of 'chemical change unit' (CCU) was examined under five main headings: student motivation, constructivist learning environment, student achievement, transferring chemistry knowledge to the subjects of daily life, and student and teachers' opinions on the implementation. The…

There is robust evidence that reading aloud with young children can help them learn new vocabulary. Building upon prior research, this study tested the effects of "both" book text features "and" readers' spontaneous extra-textual word-highlighting strategies on 3- to 4-year-olds' vocabulary retention from repeated read alouds…

The purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of task-based instruction using online language games in a flipped learning environment (TGF) in developing the English oral communication ability of Thai secondary students and examine the students' opinions of the task-based instruction using online language games in a flipped learning…

The Fall 2022 Enrollment Fact Book details current fall enrollment data including on- and off-campus enrollment by ethnicity, gender, residency, degree program level, and program category. [For the Fall 2021 Enrollment Fact Book, see ED617838.]

This memorandum provides information pertinent to the participation and performance of Advanced Placement (AP) and International Baccalaureate (IB) examinations for 2021 graduates in Montgomery County Public Schools (MCPS). In 2021, 66.6 percent of MCPS graduates took one or more AP exams, a rate that was 23.0 and 31.7 percentage points higher…