The Refuge is an after-school care programme in the southeastern USA that caters to the academic and psychological needs of impoverished African-American children. This study evaluated the Refuge through interviews with staff, small group discussions with children and persistent observation. By evaluating the after-school care services they…

The purpose of this research is to explore the dynamics of cortisol regulation in the context of center-based child care by examining the impact of social context (large classroom vs. small group) and relationship quality with caregivers (conflict with mothers and teachers). We extend the research on children's physiologic stress system…

This article draws on extant research from the disciplines of psychology, sociology, and economics to identify linkages between individual, family, community, and structural factors related to social mobility for African Americans during the transition to adulthood. It considers how race and class together affect opportunities for social mobility…

Since 1986 when the National People's Congress ratified the Compulsory Education Law, China's achievement of nine-year compulsory basic education for its huge school-age population has been rapid and successful. However, the rate of achievement has grown unevenly across the country, reflecting the different economic development patterns of the…

Background: Co-occurrence of psychosocial risk factors is commonplace, but little is known about psychiatrically-predictive configurations of psychosocial risk factors. Methods: Latent class analysis (LCA) was applied to 17 putative psychosocial risk factors in a representative population sample of 920 children ages 9 to 17. The resultant class…

The paper considers whether letting children combine work and school is a valid and effective approach in Cambodia. Policy makers' suggestions that child labour should be allowed to some extent due to household poverty appear ungrounded as no significant relation between children's work and household poverty is found while arranging school…

The authors review the contribution of qualitative methods to exploring concepts and experiences of wellbeing among children and adults living in developing countries. They provide examples illustrating the potential of these methods for gaining a holistic and contextual understanding of people's perceptions and experiences. Some of these come…

Large percentages of preschool children in Kentucky, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia live in poverty and receive no benefits from society's "safety nets." County estimates for unemployment and per capita income (1985-1987) indicate that economic conditions are most severe in central West Virginia, eastern Kentucky,…

To bring intensive information input to Alaskans within poverty groups, an interagency activity is proposed that would employ 12 VISTA volunteers as community information aides with the Fairbanks North Star Borough Library serving as the center for the assembly and generation of information and the dissemination of information through multimedia…

This resource guide contains complete descriptions of films about poverty and development both in the United States and in poor nations. The films are selected for use in classrooms, workshops, and community seminars and annotations summarize film content. Topics related to development in the United States include perspectives, poverty, realities…

Conducting anthropological fieldwork on the emotive issue of child prostitution raises difficult issues for anthropologists and other researchers. This article examines the ethical dilemmas of working with these extremely vulnerable children, focusing on the difference between the researcher's own interpretations and those given by the children…

Struggling through drought, famine, and cyclones, Somalia must now also overcome social change. The nomad population are being settled into camps creating the foundation for sedentary, communal life. The nomads are taught a written language and simple agriculture. With international aid Somalia might create a new society and culture. (MR)

Although attitudes towards poverty and public dependency have become more liberal over the past 100 years, most in the general public would argue that stigma serves the important function of discouraging voluntary dependency; beliefs about 13 different programs and proposals to aid the poor are assessed for sample of respondents in the Boston…

WORKERS ARE PRODUCTIVE AGENTS. THEIR ECONOMIC PRODUCTIVITY IS ENHANCED BY INVESTMENT IN THEM. THE INVESTMENT APPROACH IS NOT ONLY A USEFUL BUT A VERY POWERFUL ORGANIZING CONCEPT FOR POLICY AND PROGRAMING. BY USING IT, ONE CAN IDENTIFY MAJOR MALINVESTMENTS THAT ARE A CONSEQUENCE OF PUBLIC POLICY SUCH AS--(1) IN AGRICULTURE, TOO MUCH HAS BEEN…

THIS COUNTRY MUST FACE THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES OF CHANGING PATTERNS OF EMPLOYMENT LOCATION WHICH RESULT FROM SHIFTING CURRENTS OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, PRODUCT DEMAND, AND JOB AND PROFIT SEEKING. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS OF THE LAST 7 YEARS, EMPLOYING A WIDE VARIETY OF APPROACHES TO THEIR COMMON GOAL OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND…