Presented at the Annual Convention of the National Association of Secondary School Principals (53d, San Francisco, February 28 - March 5, 1969).

Adapted from a speech delivered on Charter Day at the University of California.

Brinkmanship behaviors challenge the authority of a social system while trying to avoid, usually through the use of humor, the sanctions that would normally be provoked. This study investigated the validity and use of short scenarios portraying various teachers challenging policy in different ways as a strategy for measuring perceptions of these…

This document presents a case study of the controversy between freeway developers associated with the Washington State Highway Department and citizens of Montlake community, Seattle. The intent is to provide information to other neighborhood and community groups on successful citizen activism strategies. In the opening section, a chronology of…

A study to determine on-campus participatory behavior among students at the University of Malaya is reported. The university is a coeducational, primarily undergraduate institution with an enrollment of just over 5,000. Entrance is gained through a stringent national examination; once admitted, students are virtually guaranteed graduation. During…

To widen the concept of justificatory rhetoric (which has previously been considered as a presidential rhetorical form delivered in a context of foreign policy emergency) and to show some of its inherent hazards, this paper analyzes a 1978 address by Governor James Hunt of North Carolina, in which he justified his decision not to pardon the…

Although the suppression in 1917 of "The Masses," an influential Socialist magazine, has been depicted as an American tragedy, such a narrow interpretation ignores the bizarre, confused, often comic developments and episodes that attended the magazine's end. A reexamination of the demise of "The Masses" has been made to show…

Chinese immigration to the United States, which began around 1850, sparked strong anti-Asian sentiment and legal and economic restrictions upon these immigrants. Although some Chinese organizations helped immigrants, the overall response of the Chinese to systematic oppression was one of meekness and compliance. The Japanese began to immigrate to…

Neo-Romantic aspects of Hitler's National Socialism Movement in Germany and the New Left movement in the United States in the 1960s and 1970s are detailed in this paper. Following a discussion of fundamental concepts, the paper analyzes the Romantic bases of the two movements, including their use of nonverbal symbols; their views on morality,…

By early 1969, 82 percent of a public opinion poll called for the expulsion of college students who broke laws while participating in campus demonstrations, and 84 percent thought these students should lose federal loans. Essentially three issues faced Congress at this time: (1) Did Congress have a clear rationale for involvement in campus…

Scholars and educators presented manuscripts on student unrest at two conferences sponsored by the ASCD Council of Secondary Education. The following subjects were considered: (1) the relationship between current and past student unrest topics, causes, and methods; (2) the needs, motives, and aspirations of youth in our technological society; (3)…

This document discusses (1) the method of determining who shall be involved in educational policymaking, (2) the forces that currently control educational policymaking, (3) the forces that are intruding on educational government, and (4) the ways these intruding forces can be utilized to strengthen democracy and to help resolve some of the…

Societal reconstruction is necessary for the easing of forces destructive to human development. This is the task which each Student Personnel Worker (SPWer) faces. We must seek to do our part in eliminating these forces and to replace them with constructive ones. SPW was developed to meet this challenge and was innovated as an effort to…

This monograph reports the results of a study of public high schools in the 45 largest cities of the United States. Topics covered include educational goals, school structure and organization, staff characteristics, curriculum, student activities, student activism, and school-community relations. Also included are four case studies. A major…