In order to compare the instructional effectiveness of realistic and non-realistic color cueing on visualized instruction, an instructional unit on the human heart, using slides and an audiotape, was presented to 244 college students. Four treatment groups received the same oral presentation, with the addition of different types of visual…

The effectiveness of the Dwyer heart materials in facilitating learning and retention of information related to the heart under normal research conditions was investigated. Previous studies have focused on the manipulation of stimulus dimensions and not the effectiveness of the materials themselves. Data from three previous studies were compared…

The effectiveness of two media types (sound film and still slides with audiotape) in changing student attitudes, and their impact on students varying in field dependency levels was examined. Subjects, 82 college students scoring at the high and low extremes of the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT), were randomly assigned to either a (1) multi-cue…

While mnemonic systems have been taught and used for hundreds of years, virtually all of the experimental research into such systems has been conducted since 1965. This paper describes four mnemonic systems, all of which rely heavily on visual imagery, and summarizes research conducted on the performance values of each system. The link system, the…

This study manipulated the relations between target and cue words in two cued-recall experiments with children based on the assumptions that: (1) the target cue relations that are most consistent with a child's semantic memory organization result in the highest levels of recall, and that (2) the optimal target-cue relationships may change with…

This paper describes two studies which investigated the development in elementary school children of the ability to derive inferences about the subjective states (physiological and psychological) of others. A cued recall procedure was utilized to assess the relative effectiveness of implicitly or explicitly stated emotional states as cues for…

Skilled readers read passages while their eye movements were monitored. Certain critical words were changed by the computer as the eye was in motion. Subsequent data indicated how wide the area is from which a reader acquires information during a fixation in silent reading. (Author/BJG)

Research supported in part by National Institute of Mental Health, Project Grant MH-14914.

Intended for use by both producers and evaluators of textbooks and other print instructional materials, this review of the literature focuses on the effectiveness of illustrations for motivation and for learning, and such typographical variables as readibality, legibility, standard typographical conventions, and format and layout. Areas examined…

Because many textbooks contain sparse headings or no headings at all, the effectiveness of having students generate their own headings while studying material from an introductory biology text was investigated. General psychology students (N=51) were randomly assigned to three groups: (1) Headings Generation, given instructions on creating a…

The effects of alterations in test procedure upon the original and repeated test performance of normal adolescents are determined for two subtests--Block Design (BD) and Picture Arrangement (PA)--appearing in the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children and Wechsler Bellevue Intelligence Scale Form 1. Two experiments were conducted, one with 170…

The history of the concept of psychological androgyny is very much the history of research on its components, masculinity (M) and femininity (F). Two very different approaches to MF measurement are discernible in the literature: the sex difference approach aims to distinguish men from women reliably, while the sex stereotype approach is concerned…

Studies were conducted to investigate cue system utilization by three groups of readers--six second graders, six ninth graders, and four adults past the age of sixty who were rated as mature readers. The second graders read materials that varied according to organizational structure, while the other groups read materials that differed in the…

This study investigated children's developmental differences in adopting a clustering strategy while studying items for later recall. The central focus was on developmental differences in the efficient use of study strategies, rather than clustering in recall per se. Twenty-four third- and fifth-graders and 12 college students were given a series…

Seven paired-associates were constructed using words (for which scales values on arousal were derived by paired-comparison technique) as stimulus terms and digits (two through eight) as response terms. Forty subjects were randomly assigned to one of four conditions-cued or free recall and short or long-term tests following a single learning trial.…