Psychological and biological reasoning are intertwined yet differentiated in preschoolers' understandings of bodily processes and events. Three studies suggest that preschoolers distinguish biological phenomena from psychological ones in their causal reasoning, although their reasoning about biological phenomena is sometimes influenced by…

What is considered legitimate learning is culturally and contextually specific, depending on what values are involved. Different values are engaged depending on whether legitimate learning is considered transformation of the individual in relation to self, in relation to society, or in relation to the workplace. (SK)

Used growth curve analysis to describe the development of 186 preschoolers with vision impairments. Found that mental retardation and developmental delay were associated with lower developmental ages and slower growth rates. Visual function of 20/800 or worse was associated with lower developmental ages and slower growth rates in personal-social…

Contrasts the views of Chisman and Freire about the goals of adult literacy education. Demonstrates the valuable personal outcomes and contributions to the common good of literacy education. Suggests that literacy may be an intervening variable rather than a determining cause of public and personal enhancement. (SK)

Used Australian Mathematics Competition to examine performance in mathematics of students young for their grade. The youngest students performed better than the oldest students. There were more males than females in the older group but no gender differences in the younger group. Items ranged from routine to highly sophisticated. (NBI)

Examined effects of problem size in mental addition among elementary children in China (n=104) and Missouri (n=105) and among undergraduates in China (n=26) and Missouri (n=35). For all Missouri subjects and Chinese through first grade, larger-valued numbers took longer and induced more errors. (Author/NBI)

Investigates whether a general or specific working memory (WM) system is related to writing and whether individual differences in reading and/or processing efficiency underlie correlations between WM and writing. Indicates that WM measures contribute variance to writing, and WM performance improves under gain conditions--this enhanced efficiency…

Provides an annotated bibliography of three documents related to workforce issues. Includes documents discussing the earning growth and employment stability of workforce entrants, the relationship of human development to the economy, and needs for continuing education and workforce training. (AJL)

Investigated the ability of young children to recognize themselves in delayed videotapes and recent photographs. Results suggested a significant developmental delay in young children's success on mark tests of self-recognition using delayed feedback as compared to live feedback, which may have important implications for characterizing the…

Reviews two books about early childhood curriculum based on young children's developmental needs: "The Whole Child" (J. Hendrick) discusses inclusion of special needs children in the classroom and Piaget's theory of the emergence of thinking and reasoning skill; "Creative Experiences for Young Children" (Mimi Brodsky Chenfield)…

This study investigated factors affecting lifespan achievement as perceived by 16 gifted women from 15 countries outside the United States. Results indicated that the gifted women shared personal characteristics of determination, willingness to take risks, and a will to achieve their goals. Eight positive coping strategies are described.…

Explores continuity between the philosophical positions: French poststructuralist Gilles Deleuze and John Dewey. Aims to open up consideration of Deleuze's philosophy to educational theory and practice in the context of current debates and in line with Dewey's legacy. Concludes the paper by affirming Deleuze's place in the contemporary scholarship…

This paper is a philosophical analysis of Heidegger and Nietzsche's approach to metaphysics and the associated problems of nihilism. Discusses the two philosophers offer a critique of Humanism while upholding education as the wellspring of values in society. Concludes that ethical evaluation of new forms of knowledge is crucial to human…

Observed 10-, 26-, and 42-month-olds playing under several distraction conditions to describe development of attention and distractibility. Found that casual attention decreased and focused attention increased with age. Ten-month-olds were more distractible than older children, even during focused attention. Infants were most distracted by the…

Interviews 11 self-defined underachieving college freshmen. Synthesizes 13 definitions of achievement by students. Analyzes the interviews repeatedly to produce a list of the students' concepts of achievement, arranged from the most common to the least common. Finds each student held more than one definition of achieving, some definitions in the…