In order to study young children's awareness of interword space as a cueing convention and determine their ability to deal with language on an abstract level, 23 black kindergarten children who had been exposed to formal reading instruction were tested. In the first test children were asked to study cards on which a single word or groups of words…

This experiment was designed to determine how oral report activities, following exposure to an informative message, can influence children's retention of topical and factual information from the message. The message was a prose passage about modes of transportation. Second grade students (N=51) were subjects. A third of the children presented oral…

Verbal and nonverbal cues in the working environment are examined in the hope of leading to better morale and productivity. Among topics covered are furniture arrangements, status symbols, letterheads, and conventions of address. Examples for corporations and institutions are provided. Methods of assessing the informal communications within an…

In order to examine the relationship of audiovisual factors and reading ability to children's television viewing strategies, the eye movements of 30 boys, aged 8 to 10 years, were recorded while they watched a televised display in which audiovisual factors varied systematically. Selected segments of "The Electric Company" were used to…

Learning activities that are associated with programed materials can be applied to learning from ordinary text; in fact, there is no essential difference between programed and ordinary text. Active response so important to programed learning can be controlled in textual materials by carefully defined adjunct aids such as word lists, underlining,…

The experiment described in this report investigates the effects of various cognitive cues in questions asked regarding the relationship of elements in pictorial depth perception. The subjects of this study are 40 third grade Black and Puerto Rican children. They are confronted with four pictures from the Hudson Depth Perception Tests and asked to…

Two experiments examine the relationships among metamemory knowledge, the use of associative memory strategies such as elaboration, and cued-recall memory. Results show that metamemory development predicted most of the grade difference in cued recall, suggesting that metamemory development may explain improvements in retrieval strategies as well.…

This book describes a set of instructional methods called student-directed learning strategies, which combine effective instructional strategies to promote student learning in inclusive environments with a means to promote and enhance active student involvement in learning. The first chapter identifies student-directed learning strategies and…

Multidimensional knowledge structures, described from a constructivist perspective and aligned with the "Mind as Rhizome" metaphor, provide support for constructivist learning strategies. This qualitative study was conducted to seek empirical support for a description of multidimensional knowledge structures, focusing on the…

Developmental changes in the interaction between word order and structural cues were investigated. Hebrew-speaking children between 4 and 10 years old interpreted noun-verb-noun utterances. Both word order and structural cues affected interpretation by all subjects, though the role of structural cues increased with age. (Author/DB)

These experiments focus upon two assumptions of the levels of processing formulation: that context provides exclusive control over the qualitative nature of encoding, and that amount recalled is determined both by cue-trace compatibility and by depth. The results cast doubt upon the validity of each assumption. (Author/MH)

Examines how English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) students choose a prompt from several options on a timed-writing exam. Researchers interviewed 26 students after observing them taking a writing exam. Findings indicate that students' background knowledge, question type, and topic specificity influence their decision and that time is not an…

Describes an effort to train parents to respond selectively to miscues and to pay attention to the timing of their responses, to use meaning-focused cues, and to use praise. Concludes that parents can teach and students can learn effective strategies to decrease error rate. (RS)

Four experiments with 132 seventh graders, 162 eighth graders, 75 fourth graders, and 52 third graders compared the mnemonic keyword method with various other vocabulary learning strategies. Mnemonic keyword students outperformed sentence-context and free-study counterparts and generally outperformed others on tests of vocabulary usage. (SLD)

This article provides recommendations for teaching students how to use a story grammar cuing system to improve both the fluency and quality of their stories. The cuing system is a series of steps in the form of a checklist that serves as a self-regulatory mechanism for prompting attention, memory, and accuracy. (JDD)