This paper reviews human development theories that could be utilized in the study of museums as well as theories or approaches to curiosity that appear to be of significant interest for museum exhibit designers and educators. An overview of each theory is followed by a general evaluation of the theory and research that appears relevant. The…

This book presents a look at methods of performance enhancement, examining basic issues of performance through a series of papers which evaluate several popular self-improvement approaches by weighing the evidence to determine what works. The first of the book's four parts provides an overview of the volume with two chapters describing the history…

In this investigation of the relationships among selected aspects of normal language development, emerging metalinguistic skills, concepts about print, and literacy experiences, 19 children 3 years of age were given 4 tests of language development, 12 metalinguistic tasks measuring phonological awareness, word awareness and structural awareness,…

School psychologists engaged in ecological assessment need to measure the degree to which children's behaviors fit the demands of the school environment. Although no standardized instruments serve that purpose, rating scales and simulation/role plays can be adapted to measure the person-environment (PE) fit. Although most behavior rating scales…

Focusing on parents' most persistent concerns about their children's growth and development, the 54 brief articles collected in this volume first appeared as monthly columns in "Parents Magazine." Section 1, "The Challenges of Parenthood," includes essays on alternative approaches to discipline, the limits of openness, teaching…

The need is present for children to "unlearn" to play in a competitive and unsupportive environment and to return to natural and cooperative ways of playing. The advantage of a noncompetitive play structure is that it provides ground where players practice interacting and speaking supportively and appreciatively to each other. Players are then…

A new social theory of value must be developed because of the possibility of a world-wide emergency in the face of growing famine and pollution and an accompanying decline of moral values. This theory must have the life of all humanity and the life of our own culture as its ultimate values. (Author/RK)

Since its development, Maslow's need hierarchy has been criticized and applauded. This investigation was undertaken to explore a modification of the upper levels of the need hierarchy based upon the application of power, competition, and achievement to self, as well as the concept of "other directed." (Author)

Notes that whether the young child acquires prejudice directly, indirectly, or both, his racial understanding of the "other" group is damaged as he is presented only a one-sided picture. As the young child's racist thinking becomes reinforced by significant adults, racism becomes further embedded within his "self" and he becomes a transmitter of…

Presents descriptive and analytic data about tolerance for civil liberties and dissent among the American public, asserting that support for free speech and dissent in concrete situations is more limited than support for abstract principles--a gap explained in terms of dynamics of threat, value conflict, cognitive dissociation, and socialization…

The authors of this report have reanalyzed earlier data to determine whether or not there was a relationship between perceived levels of therapist-offered conditions (e.g., favorableness of patient-therapist relationship) and therapeutic outcome. (Author)

Employers must take into consideration (1) that workers have an innate desire to learn and to grow on the job and (2) that college graduates take jobs previously held by those with less formal education, if they are to attract, motivate, and retain workers. (AG)

The future status of women is envisioned as more than labor market projections of wider employment opportunities. Responsibilities of human beings such as family formation, upbringing of children, the process of human growth and development, marriage and divorce are seen as components of the second revolution. (Author/AM)

This article describes employee assistance programs in business and industry which offer social work the opportunity to intervene in the world of work. They present a challenge to develop a social service network and a new field in which to deliver services. (Author)

This article describes three consciousness-raising groups for obese women which met to explore what it is like to be fat in a thin-oriented society, to enhance their self-esteem, and to help the women recognize that being fat is one of many choices a person may legitimately make for herself. (Author/EJT)