In rural refugee-affected areas, the better-off and more visible hosts usually gain from the presence of refugees and refugee programs. The poorer hosts, however, often lose from competition for food, work, wages, services and common property resources. (Author/GC)

Reviews the effects of malnutrition during pregnancy and before the age of three on children's brain development and subsequent mental development. Describes marasmus, kwashiorkor, and the incidence of malnutrition in South Africa. Discusses the relationship between the culture of poverty, malnutrition, and illegitimacy. Urges South Africans to…

The author introduces the concept of development education as a response to what he calls the "morally unacceptable fact of poverty, inequality, and human misery amidst the plentiful resources of the world." He describes the work of Oxfam America, which operates in the Third World to improve living conditions while promoting community…

Reviewed herein are the ideas of nine men who have addressed themselves to the problems of human settlements in this century. The ideas reviewed include those of Arnold Toynbee, Lewis Mumford, Hassan Fathy, Buckminster Fuller, Constantinos Doxiadis, Charles Correa, Paul Mwaluko, Robert McNamara and John F. C. Turner. (BT)

Three case studies describe successful squatter settlements in Panama City, Panama, San Salvador, El Salvador and Lusaka, Zambia and show how governments have improved the condition of squatters by utilizing government loans, sites and services projects, foreign technical and financial aid and private non-profit developers, instead of eliminating…

Cynicism stemming from the unequal social and economic positions of the French and English inhabitants of Montreal is expressed strongly in the literature of Gabrielle Roy, Gerard Bessette, Paul Chamberland, and others. (CHK)

The Houston KIDS COUNT data book examines the status of children in Houston and Harris County and identifies trends in their general welfare. These data provide a portrait of Harris County's children that can be used for developing sound and effective local policy. The report is divided into the following sections: (1) Children in Families; (2)…

Recent studies have found that investing in high-quality early childhood development (ECD) programs can positively impact children, their families, taxpayers, and the government. Studies suggest that one critical form of education, early childhood development is grossly under-funded and managed, investment in ECD yields an extraordinary return on…

This paper uses a discrete-time multivariate hazard model and longitudinal data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation to examine how events affect poverty entries and exits and how these events have changed over time--from the pre-welfare reform period to the post-reform period. It also uses monthly state unemployment rate data from…

Data from the NLSY (National Longitudinal Survey of Youth) were analyzed to test two competing hypotheses regarding how poverty affects the relationship between delinquency and educational attainment. The cumulative disadvantage perspective argues that poor youth suffer greater consequences for their involvement in delinquency than middle and…

Canadian universities, with their strong research and training capabilities, are ideally positioned to assist the developing world in strengthening its knowledge infrastructure. Through the University Partnerships in Cooperation and Development program--funded by the Canadian International Development Agency--Canadian universities collaborate with…

The effects of education on people's income are well documented in the economics literature, and the benefits of investing in human capital--in terms of both higher earnings and of other economic and social benefits--are popular research topics for economists and other social scientists. The present study explores the effects of public education…

This study analyzed why child poverty rates were so much higher in Great Britain than in Western Germany during the 1990s, focusing on why child poverty exit rates were lower and child poverty entry rates were higher in Great Britain. Researchers used a form of decomposition analysis comparing cross-nationally the prevalence of events that…

This report uses data from the Census Bureau's Annual March Current Population Survey to show trends of children in households without available telephones. The percentage of children without phones at home declined significantly during the 1990s, though 4.3 million children were still phoneless. In 2000, 16 percent of children living in poverty…

This fourth annual report addresses the extent to which U.S. families depend on income from welfare programs, providing updated data on measures of welfare recipiency, dependency, and predictors of welfare dependence developed for previous reports. It highlights benefits under Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), now Temporary…