Evaluates the impact of Uganda's program of "Universal Primary Education," which, starting from 1997, dispensed with fees for primary enrollment. Finds, for example, that while the program was associated with a dramatic increase in primary school attendance and that inequalities in attendance related to gender, income, and region were…

Examined the association of neighborhood characteristics on competencies of Canadian preschoolers. Found that verbal ability positively related to residing in neighborhoods with affluent residents and negatively to residing in neighborhoods with poor residents and in neighborhoods with low cohesion, even after controlling for family SES. Behavior…

Investigated factors predicting districts' abilities to generate cross-sector support for reforms, using New Jersey's 1998 Supreme Court decision mandating the implementation of comprehensive reforms in its 30 poorest districts and exploring the extent to which community support impacted willingness to embrace reforms and perceptions of resource…

Examines how computer use produces generic benefit to all children and differential benefits to minority and poor children. Analyzes data from the National Education Longitudinal Study (NELS) of 1988-1992. (Contains 13 references.) (Author/YDS)

Examines subgroups of the homeless population and their needs for shelter. Argues that governments and charities should make distinctions among the highly diverse groups of the homeless and cease providing unlimited and unconditional aid to the able bodied, which tends to ensnare youth in the culture of dependency. (FMW)

Reports on a comparison of the poverty rates of families with children in six industrial countries. Discusses income and poverty, poverty among children, family poverty rates before and after taxes and income transfers, and conclusions. States that the poverty of children may affect long-term competitiveness with other countries. (RT)

Examines cognitive strategies used in marital treatment. Describes major targets of cognitive marital assessment and treatment. Focuses on use of strategies with rural clients experiencing economic and psychological stress due to farm crisis. Describes selected techniques of behavioral marital therapy used as adjunct to cognitive marital therapy.…

Peace and development efforts among women in Southern Africa have been prompted by socioeconomic and political problems, cultural differences, poor communication, and lack of education. Meaningful solutions must start from women's cultural contexts, communities, nations, and regions. (SK)

Although the socioeconomic well-being of all U.S. mining-dependent counties was slightly above the national average in 1990, disaggregation reveals substantial effects of region and mining subsector. In particular, southern and Great Lakes coal-mining counties had significantly lower high school graduation rates and higher poverty and unemployment…

Provides analysis of neighborhood change in Cleveland (Ohio) in 1980s using two-wave panel design and causal modeling. Reports that relationship of poverty rate to housing values and rate of births to unmarried mothers is reciprocal, implying cycle of social and economic decline of neighborhood. Other findings are reported that suggest declining…

Discusses Maria Montessori's approach to educating and caring for young children, focusing on her early experiences with poor tenement children in 1907 and the development of the Montessori Method of exploratory, child-centered learning. Argues that children do not have an inner spiritual hunger but are themselves the essence of spirituality,…

Although the decennial census provides poverty figures for states and other subnational geographic units, their utility declines over the course of a decade, causing interest in producing postcensus estimates for a variety of indicators. This study extends recent efforts to estimate postcensus poverty figures for states using multiple regression…

Childbearing among African American girls of lower socioeconomic status who are 16 to 21 years of age constitutes a "career choice" and an alternative, normative path within African American culture. The author addresses this choice from the perspective of vocational and developmental psychology. The views presented incorporate a…

Sociologists have linked black family structure to persisting disadvantage. This study employs data from the 1990 Public Use Microdata Samples to compare the rural African American family to its urban counterpart. Results from the logistic regression analysis reveal that for rural blacks, family structure is less important than community type and…

Argues that there is no single strategy, institution, or discipline that can create the changes needed to reduce violence in America. Preventing violence requires long-term commitments, a comprehensive set of strategies, and new partnerships combined and focused on prevention of, not responses to, youth violence. (GR)