A method for approaching the value of pi using a transparent sheet of parallel lines is discussed. (MP)

Briefly discusses the importance of the idea of sets in the development of children's number concepts. (RH)

The author designed three art lessons to provide elementary-aged learning disabled student with concrete experiences which would help them to grasp some abstract mathematical concepts. Each lesson is briefly described and students' reactions to it discussed. (SJL)

Constructive activity and effects of clarifying context in encoding and retrieval were investigated in a study of memory for mathematical proofs. Results are offered as support of a reconstructive cycle in which context initiates reconstruction; which is redirected or extended by schemata; which is guided by the context. (Author/RD)

A simple probability game was analyzed hierarchically in terms of the strategies that would lead most often to an efficient sequence of plays. A series of experiments showed there was no relationship between the use of first-order strategy and knowledge of the probability content of the game. (Author/GDC)

Presented are two computer programs which can be used to minimize the effort and time necessary to graph several individual functions. (TG)

Strategies for adapting instructional support and learning incentives were applied separately and in combination to a college-level lesson on mathematical rules. Adaptations were based on indiviual students' pretest scores. Adaptation of support improved performance significantly when compared with standard support. Incentive effects, however,…

The process that Hippasus of Metapontum (ca. 470 B.C.) may have used to discover irrational numbers is reconstructed. (MP)

Approaches to developing a good mathematics textbook for the junior high student are discussed, with the pitfalls and difficulties reviewed. Examples from new Polish textbooks are presented to illustrate possible solutions. (MP)

An alternative application of logarithms in the high school algebra curriculum that is not undermined by the existence and widespread availability of calculators is presented. The importance and use of linear relationships are underscored in the proposed lessons. (MP)

Some insight into school students' understanding of measuring with units as revealed by the mathematics assessment of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) is discussed. Sample exercises and responses are presented and implications for instruction are reviewed. (MP) Aspect of National Assessment (NAEP) dealt with in this document:…

An unusual algorithm for approximating square roots is presented and investigated using techniques common in algebra. The material is presented as a tool to interest high school students in the logic behind mathematics. (MP)

This paper draws attention to the frequency meaning of the probability concept and its implications for quantum mechanics. It emphasizes that the very meaning of probability implies the ensemble interpretation of both pure and mixed states. As a result some of the "paradoxical" aspects of quantum mechanics lose their counterintuitive…

Presents an integral approach to the boundary value problem in waveguides deduced from the Kirchoff's integral formulation of the electromagnetic field. Also, the basis for the numerical solution of more general problems is given, including the example of the isosceles right triangular guide. (Author/SK)

Ideas for teaching pupils of the specialized language of calculators before they are used as tools in the classroom are presented. (MP)