The Rural Planning Specialist (RPS) Project was an effort to study and analyze methods for providing community services in rural Pennsylvania. The approach for alleviating poverty described in this report evolved from that project. The RPS program was described by need for innovation, structure of the project, RPS role and responsibilities,…

The research summarized in Volume I of this two volume study of Johnstown, Pennsylvania provides an overview of the city's social and economic structure. This project was designed to help cure the area's chronic unemployment and economic instability and to serve as a prototype study for other communities with similar problems. Community views and…

This report describes the training provided by West Virginia University in cooperation with the AFL-CIO Appalachian Council, of 114 union leaders in the Appalachian Region for work in community action. Some objectives of the training periods, divided into four 1-week sessions, were to help the leaders organize low-income groups for effective…

This study was undertaken to relate Job Corps training outcomes to the costs of training, in terms of human talent, time, and material resources. Training outcomes or benefits were classified according to Job Corps objectives, then compared to total costs incurred by both training center and enrollee. Empirical validation and other evaluation of…

This study of lunch services in public and private elementary and secondary schools is one of a group evaluating selected aspects of public food assistance programs. During a survey in March 1968, noontime food services were provided in about 75 percent of the nation's schools, serving about 80 percent of all pupils enrolled. Results of the survey…

A project called "radioprimaria" is bringing classes by radio to fourth, fifth, and sixth grades in a rural area of Mexico to make up for the lack of teachers in these grades. Even though the project was largely unsupervised and plagued with disorganization and equipment problems, children taught with radio did as well as children in the…

Information on the rural disadvantaged children presented in this book was gathered by observation and through interviews with 3 groups of people. These groups include the migrant workers on the eastern coast, the sharecroppers and tenant farmers who live in the Old South, and the mountaineers of Kentucky, Virginia, West Virginia, and North…

THE MAJOR EMPHASIS IN THIS LIST OF REFERENCES IS ON THE ECONOMIC, TRAINING, AND VOCATIONAL PROBLEMS OF THE DISADVANTAGED. SPECIFICALLY, THE AREAS COVERED ARE (1) CURRENT MANPOWER TRENDS, (2) TOOLS FOR WORKING WITH THE ECONOMICALLY DISADVANTAGED (COMMUNITY PROGRAMS, EDUCATION, GOVERNMENTAL MEANS, GUIDANCE SERVICES, AND RESEARCH PROJECTS), (3)…

Factors influencing the nutrition of North and South American urban youths from 14-21 years of age are examined. Economic factors which play a role in determining the demand for improved nutrition and the relative importance of economic and noneconomic factors in nutrition are assessed. The effectiveness of higher income as a solution to…

The new pressures on aging policy are certain to bring with them inequitable and unintended consequences. The very old have not shared fully in the policy gains made by the older population generally, yet they will possibly suffer most from whatever "aging backlash" develops in the future. (Author/AM)

Comments on a recent "Prospects" article on education in developing countries are presented. The author, a World Bank executive, commends the efforts of the Education Department of the World Bank at looking, listening, and discussing on the spot all aspects of the development process and in financing educational reform in economically…

Discusses child advocacy in the United States, the history of non-intervention in child welfare, and organized opposition to social welfare programs. Government and private action, the legal situation and lack of data are covered, as well as differing advocate attitudes toward child custody, neglected children, delinquents and medical issues. (BF)

In this study of a hepatitis outbreak combined data revealed the source of contamination, septic tank leakage into a stream. Children playing in the polluted ravine were most affected. (MR)

The Paterson, New Jersey, schools developed the Cognitive Instruction Project (CIP) to improve academic achievement among the urban poor in the early elementary grades. Provides a detailed description of the design and implementation of the project. Includes references. (MD)

Reviews Civil Rights movement and the politicalization of black Americans which occurred in the 1940s. Describes conservative racism and liberal racism, and explains the culture of poverty and how it relates to the concept of "blaming the victim." Concludes that educators should be aware of all of these concepts in order to help end racism. (BR)