This paper examines the problem of determining how effective student aid programs have been in promoting the college enrollment of lower income and disadvantaged students and analyzes the institutional means through which federal aid policies have been implemented. The importance of considering the key role of state and institutional responses to…

Within the private sector, the human resource management perspective has replaced the traditional personnel management approach. A similar evolution within the educational community is necessary for implementation of successful school reforms. Presented in this paper are an overview of the transition from personnel management to human resource…

Ten principles based on the interactive nature of language learning and teaching include the following: (1) the student is the language learner; (2) language learning and teaching are shaped by student needs and objectives in particular circumstances; (3) language learning and teaching are based on normal uses of language, with communication of…

A number of counter-assumptions can be posited to challenge the usual basic assumptions of the professional literacy establishment. These counter-assumptions include the following: (1) literacy is not just a technical skill neutral across all cultures; (2) culture refers to basic questions about truth and knowledge and varies from one society to…

Deaf children come from all races, classes, and backgrounds, but as a group they have a hard time learning to read and write. The more hearing a child has, the better the child performs on tests of reading ability. Parents who can communicate well with their deaf children help them to perform well at school, but beyond "good"…

This teacher resource manual is intended to assist classroom teachers to implement Alberta, Canada's high school Integrated Occupational English Program. The manual, seen as a practical planning and instructional tool to support the "Program of Studies/Curriculum Guide," contains additional information about: the goals and objectives of…

In spring 1989, the California Legislature provided $5 million for faculty and staff development at California Community Colleges during the 1988-89 fiscal year. Another $5 million was allocated in July 1989 for 1989-90. These funds, allocated under Assembly Bill (AB) 1725, were provided for each campus to establish an advisory committee composed…

Growing institutional concern for excellence coupled with legislative mandates calling for accountability have prompted many colleges to emphasize student outcomes when evaluating and designing courses and programs. A careful review of the accountability literature, however, suggests that continuing education courses and students, in spite of…

This document contains 15 chapters on various topics related to elementary science assessment. A comprehensive description of efforts to introduce alternatives to multiple-choice, paper and pencil tests to assess science learning is provided. The monograph includes an analysis of assessment issues, descriptions of current practice, and suggestions…

This discussion of the uniqueness of the middle school focuses on the characteristics of the early adolescent student. It is pointed out that the special needs of these students are infrequently met by the traditional junior high school. Middle schools should be characterized by six unique elements: (1) specific individual counseling; (2) a…

This process evaluation focused on the compensatory education delivery system in reading and mathematics in the Saginaw (Michigan) School District, which consists of three programs: (1) an elementary academic achievement program that involved 2,105 students, who were taken out of regular classrooms; (2) a secondary academic achievement program…

This listing offers educators a resource for locating microcomputer software to meet the specific needs of their vocational programs and students. Approximately 650 separate items of microcomputer software for vocational education programs are included. The software is categorized under 10 skill areas: agriculture, business, careers, computer…

Debate in West Germany among technicians, economists, politicians, and educators about technological advancement and the use of computers focuses on the need to be informed about the consequences of the technological revolution. Some concerns are that computer use will lead to social isolation, a growing bureaucracy and authoritarian power…

An inservice program was developed for elementary school teachers who requested help because of their students' apparent lack of written language abilities. Preliminary planning, involving the teachers (trainees) working with a trainer, determined a way in which student learning needs could be related to teacher training needs. The inservice…

This handbook provides educators with a practical planning and implementation guide for K-12 curriculum improvement in a context called career education. It also gives some direction for planning beyond the high school experience for continued learning and work placement. Chapter 1 establishes a rationale explaining the value of career education.…