Speech performance data, including hesitations in the stream of speech, fragmented words or phrases, retracings, and the use of intonation contours for noncommunicative purposes, are examined. It is proposed that these types of speech phenomena are indicative of underlying hypothesis testing and utterance planning strategies. Data produced by 48…

A study of the influence of English on modern Finnish was designed to determine how Anglicisms are used, how they are understood, and how they are adapted to the Finnish language system. Features of present-day Finnish were analyzed to discover to what extent the Finnish language and the Finns' sense of language are changing. Anglicisms were…

The reduction of existing lexical items to shorter forms has generally been discussed under the headings of "acronyms,""back-formations," and "clippings." Two kinds of acronym are found, the letter-naming type (e.g. FBI, YMCA) and the letter-sounding type (e.g. UNESCO, CARE). The latter type must be pronounceable within the phonotactic norms of…

This paper describes a study of the relationship between terminology in psychological studies and prevailing social conditions at the time of the studies. It is proposed that researchers reflect societal concerns by their choice of semantic markers (terminology). Over 3,000 psychological studies from 1900-72 were analyzed in terms of their…

Because of the built-in stereotyping and derogation of women that exists in the English language, the classroom teacher must face the task of finding practical answers to three popular attacks against research on sexism in English: language is a rather minor and irrelevant issue; there is no need to change language from the way it has always been;…

The influence of context on recognition of words (decoding) and identification of word meanings was examined by presenting 160 test words in list and narrative forms to 16 reading disabled adolescents, 16 normal adolescent readers, and 16 younger normal readers. Relationships between decoding problems and language difficulties were explored.…

TO REPLICATE PREVIOUS STUDIES OF SELF-CONCEPT AND TEACHING ATTITUDES IN STUDENT TEACHERS, 2 GROUPS OF WOMEN ELEMENTARY EDUCATION STUDENTS WERE TESTED ON A SEMANTIC DIFFERENTIAL SCALE BEFORE AND AFTER TUTORING AND PRACTICE TEACHING EXPERIENCE. ONE GROUP DID PRACTICE TEACHING IN MIDDLE-TO UPPER-MIDDLE CLASS SUBURBAN SCHOOLS. ALTHOUGH THIS SAMPLE…

This monograph reports the development of a semantic differential designed to measure professional self perception in student teachers. Seven scales were identified by factor analysis of the responses of 396 student teachers to 56 adjectival pairs used to rate the concepts "Myself,""Myself as I would like to be,""Myself as…

A reading program's effectiveness can be assessed by investigating skills improvement together with attitude improvement. Frequently, teachers make questionable assumptions about student reading attitudes. To provide educators with a more accurate picture of students' expressed feelings, students' attitudes toward reading should be measured with…

The recent experimental literature on the acquisition of English antonyms is reviewed, with special reference to the position of Eve Clark and the particular ontogenetic assumptions her position entails. The assumptions examined are: (1) in a hierarchically organized lexical domain, the order of acquisition appears to be from the top of the…

The edited transcript of an informal panel discussion about discourse conducted by the Discourse Linguistics Special Interest Group of the American Educational Research Association is presented in this pamphlet. The transcript also includes comments by the chairperson and by audience members. Among the topics covered in the discussion are the…

Three paradigms for assessing children's vocabulary knowledge were evaluated in this study: synonym, synonym in context, and cloze. The vocabulary tests, a paper-and-pencil adaptation of the on-line tests used in two previous studies, were administered to 830 second through seventh grade students. Subjects performed similarly on the three formats…

This introduction to the historical study of language is designed to give ninth-grade students contact with the methods of historical linguistics in a relatively limited area--the study of the lexicon. The unit begins with a consideration of recent changes in the lexicon, especially those due to technological advances which have caused the use of…

A bibliography of almost 1,100 items on the college teaching of English is arranged according to the following categories: (1) General, (2) Curriculum, (3) Composition, (4) Rhetoric, (5) Literature, (6) Composition and Literature, (7) Linguistics and Composition, (8) Grammar, (9) Linguistics, and (10) English Language which is subdivided into…

To increase the efficacy of visual instruction, more must be known about the operational forces within the image, and the determining factors in picture quality as a means of communication. The theory of information applied to this analysis of pictorial content, the fundamental thesis being that the value of an image depends on its content of…