This article updates the integrative strategy instruction (ISI) model used with adolescents with learning disabilities; addresses motivation, evaluation, and implementation issues; reviews research concerning the impact of ISI on students, its social validity with teachers and students, and its relation to motivation; and clarifies differences…

External memory strategies were investigated in 45 children (age 11) with mild mental retardation and children (ages 7 and 11) without mental retardation. In contrast to expected deficiencies in the use of strategies, results showed areas of overlap in strategy capabilities among the groups. (Author/DB)

Research since 1980 on gender and learning styles of students over age 18 is reviewed for commonalities in theory and research methodology. In addition, a quantitative meta-analysis was undertaken on two measures of learning style and study behavior to determine the direction and magnitude of gender differences in various samples. (Author/MSE)

Discusses human resources maximization as a means for expanding employee selection criteria to include applicants' strengths and potential for growth, not just their history, then working to develop employees potential. Testing learning style as a means for recognizing potential and the relationship between testing and training are discussed. (KRN)

Thirty-six Australian students (grades 5-7) with reading difficulties were trained to cue themselves to the purpose of reading or to cue themselves in addition to underlining key words and phrases as they read. The combination of awareness of purpose and the employment of a self-regulated underlining strategy generated better reading…

A survey of 190 first- and second-year university students investigated the relationship between student orientation to learning (deep, surface, or achieving), perceptions of the skills and abilities being assessed by multiple-choice tests, and study strategies they intended to use for upcoming examinations. (Author/MSE)

Notes that content area teachers recognize that visual organizers such as time lines, Venn diagrams, inductive towers, concept maps, causal chains, force fields, and flow charts help students recognize and take control of the intellectual processes which bring meaning to the study of academic content. (RS)

The relationship of systemic functional linguistic theory to the following themes is examined: differences between speech and writing; written genres; and the study of spoken language, especially for its relevance in school learning. (65 references) (LB)

A theory of academic competence is proposed that emphasizes academic skills and strategies (e.g., taking notes, using dictionaries, and studying for tests), background knowledge of content material, and of what is expected in a U.S. classroom. (33 references) (LB)

Describes instructional transactions as patterns of learner interactions designed to enable learners to acquire certain kinds of knowledge or skill and identifies four primary components of an interaction shell: interactions and an interaction manager, instructional parameters, a knowledge base, and a resource database. Transaction shell authoring…

Assesses articles in this special issue on reconceptualizing early childhood education. Maintains articles are based on conception of education in which teachers are not concerned with adopting a canon but with developing sensitivity needed to see children's place in their community and society and to structure classroom activities that encourage…

Preservice teachers in an introductory microcomputer class received an advance organizer to help them learn about microcomputer components. The advance organizer facilitated learning by providing an opportunity for them to build schema. (SM)

Investigates the cognitive functions of college students' use of underlining as a learning strategy. Finds that underlining does not serve an encoding or review function and may be counterproductive for inferential recall. (PRA)

Examines whether exploratory talk in small groups can help students assimilate new information on complex topics more effectively than can participation in a class discussion or lecture. Finds that, of the three treatments, small group discussion is more effective in improving the students' knowledge as they prepared to write and in the quality of…

This study of 30 gifted and 30 average secondary level readers assessed their reading processing strategies using think-aloud protocols. Gifted readers used such strategies as rereading, inferring, evaluating, predicting, and relating to content area, whereas average readers exhibited word pronouncing concern and inaccurate summarizing.…