Purpose of the research is to examine the predictive effect of self-compassion levels of preschool period children's mothers over children's loneliness levels. The research was conducted with 196 children, between the ages of 60-72 months and who are attending preschool education in a metropolis in the South-eastern Anatolia Region, and their mothers. In this quantitatively designed study, the relational screening model was used. The Personal Information Form, Self-Compassion Scale and Children's Loneliness and Dissatisfaction Scale were adapted in the research. According to the research results; there is a negative, high level and significant relationship between self-compassion, self-kindness and common humanity levels of mothers and loneliness levels of preschool period children. There is a positive, high level and significant relationship between self-judgement, isolation and over-identification levels of mothers and loneliness of children. Research findings indicate that mothers' self-compassion is associated to and predicts loneliness of preschool period children. In light of the information in the literature, results of this study can be interpreted as the mother's self-compassion towards herself may reduce the child's level of loneliness by positively affecting her relationship with her child. Since there is not enough research on the subject in Türkiye, it is thought that the findings will have significant contributions to the literature.