An information processing model was used to examine the organization of stimulus information during the input process among educable mentally retarded (EMR) and normal boys. Three groups of subjects (Ss) were matched on socio-economic status and race--a group of EMR boys, a group of normal boys matched with the EMR Ss on chronological age (CA…

Studied were the relationships between children's attainment of the concept of conservation of liquid and certain student characteristics. Student factors investigated were socio-economic background (high and low), status levels (conservers and non-conservers), verbal and non-verbal achievement, and science achievement. Classification of subjects…

This publication is composed of a collection of articles based on the ideas produced and presented at two conferences on productive thinking. Intended, overall, to introduce new concepts of intellectual abilities, the book is divided into four parts: Part I describes a considerable amount of the significant research in "Intelligence and Its…

A major problem in teaching symbolic logic is that of providing individualized and early feedback to students who are learning to do proofs. To overcome this difficulty, a computer program was developed which functions as a line-by-line proof checker in Sentential Calculus. The program, DEMON, first evaluates any statement supplied by the student…

Compared were the structure needs (defined as assistance, advice, and approval required by a student to complete a task to his own satisfaction) of 27 gifted and 17 average elementary age students in completing an author designed, individually administered task. Structure needs were also analyzed relative to the IQ levels and self concepts of the…

LISP LOGO is a computer language invented for the beginning student of man-machine interaction. The language has the advantages of simplicity and naturalness as well as that of emphasizing the difference between programs and data. The language is based on the LOGO language and uses mnemonic syllables as commands. It can be used in conjunction with…

This study was concerned with the development and evaluation of a method for estimating expected gain in reading achievement for elementary school children. The method involves the development of two-year reading gain expectancy charts for pupils in grades two, three, and four. A separate chart is developed for each of the three grade levels. Each…

This booklet contains the graphs of mean cumulative and achievement scores, as well as a grade level analysis, for all grade schools in Charles County, Maryland during the 1973-1974 academic year. (Author/BJG)

The WISC (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children) and ITPA (Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities) test scores of a group of 54 educable mentally retarded (EMR) students (mean age l2 years) were factor analyzed to determine the extent to which the WISC and ITPA measured common factors. Of the four factors obtained, nine of the ten ITPA…

A reanalysis of B. Inhelder's (1968) data concerning cognitive development among retardates was performed by selecting from the original 159 subjects a sample of 104 educable mentally retarded Ss (7-19 years old) who were diagnosed as fixated or nonfixated at three of the cognitive stages postulated by Jean Piaget. The results indicated that among…

Two hundred-sixteen fifth- and sixth-graders were dichotomized on attitude toward school (positive or negative) and randomly assigned to three conditions in which they were instructed that they were about to take either an Intelligence, Achievement, or a Routine test. Results of analysis of variance on Kuhlmann-Anderson scores revealed significant…

Score differentials between the revised Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R) and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) were investigated in 25 possibly mentally handicapped adolescents (10 white, 15 black). Each S was individually administered both the WISC-R and the WAIS. Results supported the hypothesis that for mentally…

This paper discusses some of the problems posed by external testing, including the social and racial complexities and the serious intellectual issues raised by the nature of a "standardized" examination. It is argued that these and other problems are likely to intensify to an unprecedented degree during the next several years as a result of…

The purpose of the study was to determine if there were any differences in learning between graduate students taught to understand, administer, and score the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) by an independent study method as compared to those taught by a more traditional instructional procedure. The subjects were those students…

This study sought to describe, measure and analyze career patterns from early adolescence into early adulthood, and to measure vocational maturity in junior high school years and explore its predictive validity for subsequent career pattern events. Markov chain analysis was used for the first objective, and multiple discriminant analysis for the…