National surveys of teenagers have provided information for making decisions about smoking prevention programs. Repeated surveys are necessary because smoking patterns change over time. The prevalence of adolescent smoking and the variables related to it were investigated as well as the potential utility of those variables in predicting habitual…

Based on preliminary interviews with 40 adults, an instrument was devised for assessing voters' uses and gratifications of viewing television news about presidential campaigns. When this instrument was used to survey 226 persons of voting age, an analysis by orthogonal rotation of the data produced a six-factor solution accounting for 52.6% of the…

Predicting occurrences of violent behavior in the population of emotionally disturbed criminal offenders was investigated by identifying a pattern of characteristics that significantly discriminates between violent and nonviolent offenders. Subjects were 149 current and former male patients in the Forensics Division of St. Elizabeths Hospital in…

A U.S. Air Force study was designed to investigate simultaneously four cognitive styles--field dependence-independence, reflectivity-impulsivity, leveling-sharpening, and visual-haptics. A sample of 206 undergraduate volunteers at the University of Oklahoma were tested with the Successive Perceptual Test I (SPT-I), the Hidden Figures Test (HFT),…

The use of various physiological tests and measurements accurately predicts the performance ratings of female athletes. A study involving 180 female intercollegiate volleyball players, 142 female intercollegiate basketball players, and 115 female college-age nonathletes yielded a set of statistical differentials concerning arm length, lean weight…

To determine whether instructor effectiveness depends, in part, on where students sit in the classroom, student ratings of teachers on a comprehensive university-wide teacher evaluation form were analyzed. The form, The University of Connecticut Survey of Courses and Teaching, consisted of 5 demographic variables, an 11-item rating scale, and a…

Correlations between popular admissions indicies, including Dental Admission Test scores and pre-dental grade point average, and numerous measures of student success, such as National Board scores and grades, were compared for recently-graduated students from two dental schools with substantially different selection ratios. While the differences…

This study examined student attitudes toward reading and evaluated the effects of grade level, reading achievement, sex, race, and social status upon reading attitudes. Fifteen classrooms, consisting of 260 fourth and sixth grade students, participated in the study. After individual reading achievement scores were determined for each student, two…

The purpose of this paper was to discover if certain personal and social factors are related to selected career pattern features of male teachers in specified subject areas. The population of the study included 1212 male beginning teachers certified to teach mathematics, science, social studies, or English. Questionnaires were mailed to each. A…

This report is an evaluation, using randomized experimental/control design, of a program involving negotiated contractual agreements (MAP) between prisoners and parole boards for specific parole dates contingent on performance in work, training and treatment activities. Contracts were generally for less than six months. Both feasibility and…

The problem under investigation was to determine the differential effects of three types of treatment on students' test-taking skills. The study also investigated whether test-taking instruction would result in significant mean test score gains on a standardized reading test for white and black, high and low socioeconomic status (SES) third-grade…

The purpose of this study was to explore the possibility of using a particular set of individual student characteristics to make decisions concerning the suitability of a particular learning method. The sample was 49 students enrolled in high school physics. Each student studied three units of content, each under a different individualized…

This study was planned as two parts. In the first part, a prereading index similar to the ones created for kindergarteners was developed for preschool age children. The second part was an examination of the relationship between the prereading measure and four contextual variables. Thirty-six 3 1/2 to 4 1/2 year-old children were randomly selected…

This study attempted to discover the relative contribution to spelling achievement (the dependent variable) of each of the following independent variables: intelligence, visual memory, auditory memory, structural analysis, phonetic analysis, reading comprehension, and vocabulary. Participating in the study were 190 students from six seventh-grade…

The research reported was an effort to determine whether, in the absence of validated models or measuring instruments effective for objective counseling of mature females, such often-relied upon, easily obtained, visible pieces of data as age, number of children, and educational background are critical predictor variables for counselors and…