Seven features of adolescents' relationships with mothers and with fathers (time together per day, number of activities, degree of influence, subjective closeness, and frequency of experiencing positive, hostile, and sad emotions in the relationship) were used to predict adolescents' problem behavior and chemical use. Using a sample of 64 seventh-…

Chodorow's (1978) psychodynamic theory and Whiting's (1975) social role perspective yield different predictions with regard to the development of children's gendered self-perceptions. Chodorow's theory emphasizes the importance of children's progressive identification with same-sexed parents and gender asymmetry in parenting, whereas Whiting…

This study examines the relationship of adolescent identity achievement to parental monitoring and support. The 1,012 students who comprise the sample were drawn from two administrations of a survey, the first including sophomores and seniors and the second consisting only of seniors from two Catholic high schools in the Washington, DC area.…

This report discusses the outcomes of a study that examined a hypothesis about the acquisition of behavioral inhibitions offered by Hans Eysenck, which suggests that what is often described as morality or conscience is acquired through conditioning experiences to which individuals respond differently according to their temperament-based…

This study used 1994 data from the California Community College System cohort of first-time freshmen to identify that part of University of California (UC) or California State University (CSU) transfer performance that is determined by factors outside the control of college administrators. The idea was to "level the playing field" when…

Noting that a child's peer competence and sociometric status not only are important indices of the child's current social functioning, but may also predict adolescent adaptation, this study examined the antecedents in peer competence and sociometric status in early and late elementary school years of five peer reputation dimensions. These five…

This study investigated the situations of at-risk students considered for becoming principals, examining whether it was worth the risk of admitting them into principal preparation programs. Students had undergraduate grade point averages (UGPAs) of at least 2.85 over the last 2 years of the undergraduate program. If they did not meet GPA…

The purposes of the study were to compare self-report and test data as predictors and to predict success in a measurement and evaluation course. (Author)

The usefulness of the Vocational Development Inventory as a counseling aid and the effect of post-secondary vocational training on vocational maturity are examined. (MU)

Analyzes changes in the popularity (ratings) of television programs over the duration of the television viewing season among fourth, sixth, and eighth graders. Results indicate that ratings are quite stable and increase as the season goes on, especially among younger viewers. (Author/JJD)

Studied stress variables among divorced mothers and their children. Divorced and married mothers (N=72) at two income levels were interviewed. Results showed low income divorced mothers reported the highest levels of stress. Stress was significantly related to the mothers being more demanding and restrictive with their children. (JAC)

Used data from 459 college students to outline a problem specific approach to alcohol abuse prevention. Survey data described the distribution of drinkers and nondrinkers, group differences in consumption, and problems commonly experienced. Relationships between consumption and beliefs, attitudes and social pressure were used to design peer…

Studied 340 former inmates of two reform schools. One school emphasized psychological treatment; the other school stressed harsh punishment. Results suggested that "milieu therapy" works in adolescence, but has no discernible effect after age 24. Ethnicity had a powerful effect on recidivism. (JAC)

Investigated personality differences between transitory and chronic loners among Iranian students (N=232) studying in American universities; and Iranian students (N=305) studying in Iranian universities. Chronic loners in both groups scored significantly higher than transitory loners on measures such as global loneliness, anxiety, depression,…

Examines the impact of a handicapped child on sibling adjustment. While it is a mistake to assume siblings are always adversely affected, counselors should be aware of signs of sibling maladjustment including anger, guilt, and assuming too much responsibility. Communication and parent attitudes are important variables. (JAC)