After an introduction which briefly discusses emotional, therapeutic, phenomenological, cognitive, and developmental perspectives on play, this volume presents the complete texts of all the main lectures and a few short papers that were given at the International Symposium on Play, Play Therapy, and Play Research. Papers in part 1 concern certain…

This document contains case studies of troubled adolescents and is intended for use by educators for discussions, especially in in-service and graduate programs. Case studies of 10 young adolescents are presented, each followed by a set of questions drawn from a psychological theory. To help new practitioners who may have difficulty connecting…

Research on teacher thinking generally has failed to take into account teacher beliefs and understandings in both research methodology and in interpretation of data. Two models prevail in research on teacher thinking. The decision making model, which has undergone several modifications, tends to focus on explaining and understanding deliberate…

This manual contains suggestions for secondary school teacher aides, substitute teachers, and beginning teachers. Sections on teacher aides and substitute teachers focus on the general attitudes toward and of these paraprofessional school personnel. Also discussed in these sections are problems, and some solutions, that teacher aides and…

A study explored the relationship between social/cultural control and the way knowledge is structured and presented in schools. "Critical literacy" was defined as the perception of meaning within the total context of the relevant experiences of the reader. The "dilemmas of schooling" language developed by A. Berlak and H. Berlak was used to…

This project identified over 500 critical incidents of successful and unsuccessful instruction in science and mathematics courses reported through interviews of 105 blind college students. The principal categories of effective teacher behavior included planned concrete learning experiences, creative use of learning materials, and detailed…

The study, involving 100 children (11 and 12 years old), was designed to generate descriptive data regarding the behavioral and psychometric characteristics of exceptional children in the public schools. A review of the literature revealed that it is difficult to make a differential diagnosis among educable mentally retarded (EMR), emotionally…

Emphasis on the traditional approach in educational research has given way to the scientific approach, and, gradually, the focus of research has shifted from the teacher to include student behavior. Many variables previously associated with teacher behavior are recognized as being associated with student behavior. Future research must use previous…

The document is designed to provide practical information for teachers, parents, group home workers, work activity personnel, and others interested in developing social interaction skills and appropriate social behaviors in developmentally disabled adolescents and young adults. An introductory section discusses social problems of the…

The most important interaction in a school system, teacher classroom behavior and its effects on pupils' learning, is largely unattended to in any direct supervisory manner in most school districts. School administrators have allowed administrative matters to divert them from their central task, which should be the school's curriculum and…

For the individual, gender difference falls along the feminine-masculine continuum with strong neurodevelopmental influences at various points throughout the lifespan. Neurodevelopmental influences are conceptualized in a vector model of sex difference. Vector attributes, direction and magnitude, are influenced initially by differences in levels…

This 10-chapter report provides detailed information on a study which examined what combinations of teacher, student, and curricular variables were associated with more effective life science instruction at the intermediate level. The conception of effectiveness was guided by the normative framework of scientific literacy and by student growth on…

The purpose of this study was to develop inventory items that measure the study habits and behaviors of adult students from a variety of college settings. There were two specific objectives: (1) to acquire as large and heterogeneous a sample as possible in order to factor out significant study behavior constructs for building a diagnostic and…

A content analysis was conducted for all 60 programs of ThinkAbout, an instructional television series designed to strengthen the reasoning skills of fifth and sixth graders and to review and reinforce language arts, mathematics, and study skills. The study comprised separate analyses of three concerns: (1) demographic characteristics of…

Problem Solving in Mathematics (PSM) is a program of problem-solving lessons for grades 4-9. The content objectives of these lessons are similar to those of most textbooks. However, PSM emphasizes problem-solving skills and a variety of instructional strategies which foster the development of such skills. These strategies include direct…