Examines documents and citations relating to literature of the Ortega Hypothesis, reviews citing behaviors and errors of individual citations, and includes analysis of the occurrences of secondary and tertiary citing. Findings show there is little evidence to prove that secondary and tertiary citing is not occurring and suggests that further…

Examines the abilities of high school students (n=394) to reflect aspects of 36 cubes that were depicted in 2-dimensional perspective as upright and transparent. The reflections of points, edges, or corners was established through two-sided mirrors variously positioned within each cube. Analysis of the response errors reveals a tendency toward…

Analyzed 56 Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised protocols completed by 1 certified and 8 licensed practitioners to examine administration and scoring mistakes. Observed numerous mistakes (failure to record examinee responses, assigning too few or too many points to answers, inappropriate questioning, and failure to obtain correct…

Discusses the communicative approach to foreign language instruction and provides information on communication exercises. (AG)

Examination of the stochastics of moderated multiple regression (MMR) reveals that MMR is an appropriate technique when predictors are fixed variables and the distribution of errors is normal but is not appropriate when predictors are random variables and the joint distribution of criterion and predictor variables is multivariate normal. (SLD)

This study evaluated performance of blind (n=17) and sighted adults on a haptic numerosity task of braille symbols in which symbol size was varied. Although blind subjects performed better than seeing subjects, the rate of learning and patterns of errors were similar, except that blind subjects did better with standard than with enlarged symbols.…

This longitudinal study evaluated grammatical judgments of "well formedness" of children (N=21) with specific language impairment (SLI). Comparison with two control groups found that children with SLI rejected morphosyntactic errors they didn't commit but accepted errors they were likely to make. Findings support the extended optional infinitive…

Discusses studies of dyslexia in German- and English-speaking children. Argues that deficits in phoneme awareness are only evident in the early stages of reading acquisition, whereas rapid naming and phonological memory deficits are more persistent in dyslexic children. (Author/VWL)

Green and Hecht's (1992, 1993) data are consistent with the Monitor hypothesis, and their findings match Krashen's (1982) report: self-correction (SC) has only a modest overall effect. Their subjects' high accuracy of attempted corrections could be the result of subjects' limiting SC to easily correctable items. (Contains 10 references.) (Author)

Discusses Rispoli's data on a model of pronoun case errors in child English, arguing that his claim that overextensions of he and him are antagonistic is inaccurate and his explanation for why her subjects are more frequent than other errors is insufficient. Discusses an account in terms of relative input frequencies, suggesting the fundamental…

Both the speed and accuracy of responding are important measures of performance. A well-known interpretive difficulty is that participants may differ in their strategy, trading speed for accuracy, with no change in underlying competence. Another difficulty arises when participants respond slowly and inaccurately (rather than quickly but…

Interactions between (multiple indicator) latent variables are rarely used because of implementation complexity and competing strategies. Based on 4 simulation studies, the traditional constrained approach performed more poorly than did 3 new approaches-unconstrained, generalized appended product indicator, and quasi-maximum-likelihood (QML). The…

The cross-proportion method allows both the instructor and the student to easily determine where an error is made during problem solving. The C-P method supports a strong cognitive foundation upon which students can develop other diagnostic methods as they advance in chemistry and scientific careers.

Although Fischer's convention for stereoisomers is useful for simple molecules, the stereochemistry of complex biochemical molecules is often poorly indicated in textbooks. This article reports on errors in stereochemistry of complex hydrosoluble vitamin B12 molecule. Twenty-five popular biochemistry textbooks were examined for their treatment of…

Dividing attention across multiple words occasionally results in misidentifications whereby letters apparently migrate between words. Previous studies have found that letter migrations preserve within-word letter position, which has been interpreted as support for position-specific letter coding. To investigate this issue, the authors used word…