Today, the term 'behavior therapy' has no clear denotation. Those who adhere to the more delimited meanings of behavior therapy tend to disregard significant nonbehavioral therapeutic development. They also overlook convincing data demonstrating that in adult humans, conditioning is produced through cognitive mediation. Adoption of a more…

This paper is the first of a series of studies that investigate a new multivariate theory of personality types or "styles". This theory suggests that any personality type or style consists of a specific combination of psychological defenses, cognitive and affective styles, belief and value systems, moral development, etc. (Author)

Describes a small scale study aimed at taking an objective, in-depth look at the personality and behavioral characteristics of a small group of children excluded from school, by comparing them with other children in their peer group, who had not been excluded. (Editor)

Two hypotheses related to the conceptualization of marriage as an interaction relationship and marital dysfunction as interpersonal pathology were tested empirically with first-married couples (N=30) asking specifically for marital counseling. Data analysis revealed support for the second but not the first hypothesis. (Author)

Adult follow-up information on social outcome variables was obtained for males who had taken the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) during their junior year. Individuals with undergraduate profiles indicative of psychopathology differed significantly in marital and educational status when compared to the no-high-point group 10…

Results of administering the Parental Acceptance-Rejection and Personality Assessment Questionnaires to 71 Swedish university students showed significant relationships between various forms of parental rejection in childhood and negative personality assessment of the self as an adult. Females showed more dependence and emotional instability than…

Scores were obtained on 31 item-clusters from the California Psychological Inventory for 490 identical and 317 same-sex fraternal twin pairs from the National Merit twin sample. Ordinary and cross-pair correlations were calculated and used to derive three matrices hypothesized to reflect the influence of genes, shared environment, and unshared…

Examined the comparability of Rorschach Inkblots and the Holtzman Inkblots. Subjects (N=27) were administered both instruments and their responses scored using the standard Holtzman Inkblot Technique variables. The number of responses was controlled when using the Rorschach. Results indicate that the Rorschach Inkblots were a satisfactory…

Explored Neimeyer's notion that moderately depressed people have relatively disorganized personal construct systems, that non-depressed people see themselves consistently positively, highly depressed people view themselves negatively, and moderately depressed people view themselves with ambivalence. Using a grid measure of logical consistency,…

Surveyed Voltaire's 50 plays to examine traits and roles assigned to elderly, influence of genre and author's age on portrayals, and factors to which elder's traits were attributed. Found elderly portrayed more favorably in tragedy than in comedy; no effect of period of life on portrayals. Wisdom was only trait consistently and specifically…

Analysis of the psychological traits and childhood environments of foremost essayists, historians, and critics (N=42) suggested that, while intelligence was a component of eminence, environmental influences were substantial. Familial, school, and social conditions provided indispensable support during the childhoods of the future essayists.…

When temperament, self-concept, and locus of control were compared among learning-disabled (N=38) third- through sixth- graders and matched peers, a multivariate difference was demonstrated with specific univariate effects in task orientation and social flexibility, partially supporting the characterization of learning-disabled students as…

A classroom exercise for teaching students how to examine aspects of their own impression-formation processes is described. The data generated can be used to stimulate discussion about the origins of implicit personality theories, person prototypes, and the accuracy of first impressions. (Author/DH)

Examines the following aspects of entrepreneurship: definitions of entrepreneurship and enterprise culture; social, political, and economic context; relationship with education; entrepreneurial versus corporist education with implications for business schools; developing intrapreneurship in large corporations; and implications for training policy.…

Discusses adaptive cognitive changes in adulthood from perspectives of adult cognitive development and social cognition theory. Proposes interface between the two disciplines. Applies post-formal literature on cognitive development to area of attributional processes. Discusses implications changes in attributional processes may have for cognitive…