The kindergarten adjustment of 217 Caucasian children was measured in relation to their temperament and communicative competence. Both communicative competence and various dimensions of temperament accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in kindergarten adjustment among the children. (Author/BB)

Hospice patient/family volunteers responded to personality questionnaires prior to training and to measures of death understanding and coping before and after training. Results showed that the volunteers were relatively low in anxiety, internally controlled, and empathetic before training. Following training, volunteers reported better…

Examined cohesion and adaptability as two dimensions of family functioning in 294 Anglo- and Mexican-American parents of school-age children. Revealed no significant differences in mean scores or distributions between ethnic groups for cohesion or adaptability, even when acculturation was controlled. (Author/NB)

In addition to literature documentation, educators familiar with classroom interaction know intuitively that personality characteristics can establish conditions conducive to success or failure in teaching. Teacher educators and researchers need to place more emphasis on the attitudes, self-concept, and personality of prospective teachers. (MT)

The present study tests the applicability of Carlson's theory for a sample of gifted and talented female adolescents by examining three dimensions of possible self-esteem antecedents: actual talent ratings, self-perceptions of talent, and personality attributes. (Author/LMO)

Results indicated rates of commission of acts and initiation of violence were similar across gender, although females sustained more higher level violence. Males reports of motives were largely culpability reducing. Females reported many more sexual assaults and physical and emotional injury than males. Male did not perceive families as sustaining…

This study evaluated the degree to which 102 undergraduate participants objected to questions on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) which referred to sex, religion, bladder and bowel functions, family relationships, and unusual thinking in comparision to degree of objection to length of the MMPI and repetition of questions.…

Infant temperamental difficulty was strongly related to mothers' level of postpartum depression, both directly and through the mediation of parenting self-efficacy. Social support appeared to function protectively against depression, primarily through self-efficacy. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed. (Author/RH)

A three subscale inventory designed by Fenigstein, Scheier, and Buss to measure self-consciousness was administered to 297 college students. Fenigstein et al.'s representation was found to fit the data in its original form. Items on the subscales differ nearly as much statistically as they do substantively. (Author/LMO)

Assesses the suitability of existing measures of emotional and behavioral disorders among children for use in general populations. Focuses on the definition of emotional and behavioral disorder, measurement approaches, and guidelines for choosing which disorders to study. Seven measurement instruments are evaluated using the folowing criteria:…

Young adult, midlife, and older women from four role groups--homemaker, married career, single career, and student--were compared on a number of personality measures including achievement motivation, affiliation, autonomy, cultural sex role characteristics, self-esteem, and adjustment. Some significant age and role differences were found.…

Provides a foundation for future experimental research on the origins in mother-infant interaction of sex differences in the development of a separate sense of self. Suggests that sex differences in the experience of a separate sense of self begin to emerge in early infancy and that mothers engage in different types of contact with sons and…

Investigates whether, and under what conditions, mothers of irritable infants, in contrast to mothers of less irritable babies, become less responsive/sensitive over time. (HOD)

Investigated variables from initial inmate evaluations at a state penitentiary as predictors of inmate success in behavioral ladder program. Results indicated that academic test variables were best predictors of overall success level, attitudes, and work habits. Personality variables and one interview observation variable were also found to be…

Discusses various elements of self-directed education for lifelong education: the nature and essence of self-instruction, self-instruction and the development of personality, motivation for self-instruction, forms of self-instruction, and participation in self-instruction activities. (CT)