Presents author's perspective on the challenging behavior of her son, theorizing about that behavior while drawing on research into temperament. Outlines history of "attention and behavior problems," culminating in most recent work on neuropsychological factors. Considers ways various approaches assign blame for "problems" to…

A study of 50 parents of adults with disabilities investigated aspects of positive and negative adaptation to parenting stress. Responses suggested an overall pattern of "bonadaptation". Parents reported use of various cognitive coping strategies and personal growth, including increased compassion, sympathy for others, flexibility, tolerance, and…

Experience treating women with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) from varied sociocultural backgrounds in a large inner-city general hospital is related to a literature review. Subgroups were identified according to personality pathology, psychiatric symptoms, and psychosocial stress factors. Accurate assessment, needs of individuals, treatment…

Examined 8- to 10-month-olds' responses to standard procedures eliciting joy, fear, anger, and discomfort. Found that response parameters to standard procedures cohered strongly within each episode. Responses cohered across same-emotion episodes, except for anger. Responses and father-reported temperament related to infant's emotional tone in…

Examines the incidence of psychopathy among an alcoholic-offender population (N=128) and compares psychopathic and non-psychopathic alcoholics in relation to childhood history, demographics, alcohol dependence, violence, and suicide. Results indicate that 20% of offenders could be classified as psychopaths. These persons were more alcohol…

Examined Adolescent Multiphasic Personality Inventory profiles of inpatient adolescents (N=181) to identify differences between suicidal and violent adolescents. Results show that the suicide group had significantly higher scores than the violent group on five scales that indicate a psychotic process, thus suggesting a connection between suicide…

Examined relationships between adolescent emotional and behavioral problems and late adolescent personality in a longitudinal study. Found that psychological distress and behavioral problems experienced during adolescent years of 7th to 10th grade are significantly related to personality structure during the final year of high school. (JPB)

Investigates the effect of Korean culture on the results of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III) by comparing profiles of 147 Korean and 132 American college students. Results indicate that MCMI-III personality profile differences exist between Korean and American college students. Discusses implications for mental health…

Investigates the links between adolescent risk-taking and personality, as conceptualized using the Five-factor Model of personality (N=459). Results reveal that risk judgments, personality factors, age and sex were significant predictors of risk behaviors; however, the personality factor of significance was found to differ depending upon the risk…

A study of 587 full-time faculty examined teaching practices and interpersonal climate of different departments using Holland's Environmental Identity Scale. Results supported the scale's reliability and discriminant validity but did not support the assumption that differences among workers in environments with clear identity are more pronounced…

Describes the results of a study intended to test a specific hypothesis and a research question related to the theoretical development of the candidate image construct in political communication. Tests the long-standing assumption that there is a dichotomy between candidate issue positions and candidate persona impressions ("images").…

Developed an item response theory model of response stability based on the local independence principle. Tested the model, which predicts response changes under repeated administrations of the same instrument, with real data for 432 Spanish undergraduates. Results indicate that the model predictions are approximately fulfilled. (SLD)

Offers techniques for teachers to become more acquainted with students and their different personality types. Lists factors that may contribute to why a child is difficult in class and discusses some of the different kinds of atmospheres that can be generated in order to make the classroom a more peaceful place. (CW)

High school (n=370) and college students (n=223) completed the Vocational Preference Inventory and the Inventory of Occupational Preference (IOP). Results confirm that vocational interests have a uniform distribution along a circle. Also, the eight IOP octant scales and the six RIASEC scales (realistic, investigative, artistic, social,…

Dutch adolescents, ages 12 to 14, completed the Utrect-Groningen Identity Development Scale, which encompasses separate scales for commitment in exploration for relational, school, and occupational identity. Results show that relational identity becomes consistently stronger as adolescents age, and that for girls, relational identity is much more…