Though American attitudes and beliefs have held remarkably constant over 200 years, inconsistencies are now chipping away at the old profile, giving it a new look for the third century. Political, social, and moral changes are discussed. (Editor/LBH)

Reviews the history of the kibbutz movement, kibbutz child-rearing practices, and the results of research in kibbutz socialization. The research indicates that the 'kibbutz personality' is essentially nonpathological and effective. Recent changes in child-rearing patterns in the kibbutz, and a return to traditional family child-rearing, are viewed…

As an elementary teacher, what should you know about stress? How can you reduce its harmful effects? Looks at what stress is and considers three widely accepted methods of combating it. (Author/RK)

Describes development of a situation-specific trait-state test for affective responses. Form One contains 20 situations to which subjects described responses on 16 scales for each situation. Study Two assessed reliability of these scales, sex differences, and trait-state relationships. Five validity studies are described. (Author)

Selected personality variables, sex, age, interpersonal values, and educational level, were examined as antecedents to preferences for a nondirective (Carl Rogers) or directive (Albert Ellis) therapist. Individuals who preferred the Ellis presentation proved to more dogmatic and externalized than individuals preferring the Rogers presentation.…

Mothers of about 100 toddlers completed the Toddler Temperament Scale when their children were 12, 18, and 24 months old. Other data sets were available for: (a) factors representing laboratory observations; (b) measures of mothers' temperament by mothers and by social workers; and (c) measures of the home and family environment by social workers.…

Conducted quantitative review of literature on the personality characteristics of only children. Combined results of 141 studies and found that only children scored significantly better than other groups in achievement motivation and personal adjustment. Overall, however, the review indicated that only children were comparable in most respects to…

Assessed the interrelation between two instruments for soldiers who suffered from combat stress reactions. Subjects suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III) yielded higher scores on the Intrusion and Avoidance factors of the Impact of Event Scale. The Intrusion…

Attempted to demonstrate the utility of Minnesota Multiphasic Pesonality Inventory in identifying sexual offenders against children by using offense characteristics, including gender of the victim, victim's age, relationship of victim to offender, whether the offender used physical force against the victim, and whether the offender molested the…

Reviews personality research conflict between trait and situationist positions because of its relevance to communication trait research. Reports results of a study based on a recent theory of argumentativeness that is inherently interactionist. Suggests the possible value of interactionist approaches to communication study, as the hypotheses…

Cognitive ability tests, personality inventories, and administrative- skills measures were administered to 238 telephone company employees. A small number of interpretively and predictively useful molar personal/motivational scales were derived using factor analysis. Some measures from each of the domains of the assessment battery were found to be…

Outlines major premises of contextual perspectives to adult intellectual development and describes what theorists hypothesize to be changes in environmental demands that occur during adulthood. Presents research suggesting that people's conceptions of intelligence at all points during development include social competence as a form of intellectual…

Examines the relationship between gender, sex role, and narcissism. Data indicated that males and masculine individuals were not higher in their levels of maladaptive narcissism, that an adjusted narcissism was more obvious in males and in masculine subjects, and that femininity appeared to inhibit the display of an unhealthy exploitative…

Tested Gilligan's (1982) claim that men and women differ in moral judgments. College students read four traditional moral dilemmas and rated the importance of 12 considerations for deciding how the protagonist should respond. There were no reliable sex differences on moral reasoning. Sex-typed personality measures also failed to predict individual…

Examined relationships between bulimia and the personality characteristics of assertiveness, masculinity, femininity, masculinity-femininity, and externality in 205 female college students, 15 of whom were classified as bulimic. Found low but statistically significant negative relationships between assertiveness, masculinity, and…