Studied the generalizability of Jochim's Premature Termination (PT) scale. Using the recommended cut-off scores, 50 percent of the subjects were classified inaccurately or unclassifiable. The best cut-off score for this sample produced an error rate of 36.9 percent. Suggests directing attention to personality blends may maximize counselor and…

Describes the development of an index to measure elementary school children's comprehension of humor. (FL)

After different conceptualizations of behavior in terms of personal and situational variables have been outlined, Endler's arguments on situational specificity are discussed and his data found not to warrant his conclusions. It is argued that there is no antagonism between interactionism and conditioned situationism or personologism. (Author/SJL)

This study used the Self-Consciousness Scale to test the hypothesis that socially anxious people could seek to avoid embarrassment and do poorly in small group discussions as a result. Those people high in private self-consciousness (lacking concern for social evaluation) would participate more in discussions. Findings supported the hypothesis.…

Evaluated the personality functioning of learning disabled children, who ranged in age from 7 through 11. Significant externality was noted for both males and females. Older children were significantly more external than their younger counterparts. (Author)

The relationship of moderately elevated Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) Scales 2 and 7 to psychological help seeking, problem type, and academic progress was investigated. Results suggest the MMPI 2-7 elevation is a simple indicator of psychologocal distress in the setting studied. (Author/BEF)

Determines the number of factors measured by the Peabody Institute Achievement Test (PIAT) subtests and the extent to which subtests measured the factors found. Results indicate only two factors: word recognition, and school-related knowledge. Use of PIAT as a separate test in a battery containing the WISC-R is supported. (Author/BEF)

Locus of control subjects' incorrect responses by frustrating or nonfrustrating confederates were punished by electric shock. Data indicated increased aggression after frustration by externals and less aggression by internals. Results indicate aggression is cognitively regulated by a personality-related belief in uncontrollability; the less the…

The adolescent problems inventory (API) was designed to identify strengths and weaknesses in the personal and interpersonal skills repertoires of adolescent boys. API responses of institutionalized delinquent boys were rated as less competent than responses of nondelinquent teenage boys from a public high school. The inventory's characteristics…

Compared the relationship of sex and sex-role differences to four measures of anxiety: math anxiety, test anxiety, and two measures of trait anxiety. Results indicate females reported higher levels of anxiety on all four scales, and a discriminant functional analysis indicated the greatest difference in math anxiety. (RC)

Mothers were interviewed periodically over the first six years of their same-sex twins' lives and were asked to contrast them on specific behaviors. Intrapair contrasts were moderately stable across age spans for as long as 18 through 36 months. Genotypic similarity was apparently associated with intrapair similarity in emotionality and…

Evaluated the reliability and convergent validity of three rating scales designed to measure self-concept clarity. The ratings of self, peer, and professional judges were compared. Results supported that a basic difference exists between a participant's self-reported constructs and an observer's judgment of that participant's constructs.…

Examines the relationship between sex and sex- type and leadership in small discussion groups. Results indicate personality influences leadership only during initial group interaction. The best characterization of social and task leadership is via psychological sex type rather than biological sex. Suggests leadership style dogmatism and motivation…

A factor analytic study of the demographic and behavioral characteristics of adult and juvenile male and female incarcerates suggests a number of consistent relationships contributory to incarceration and childhood experiences that predict difficulty in that period of life and in later adjustment. (Author)

The California Psychological Inventory was administered to male engineers, engineering-trained managers, and non-engineering-trained managers. Engineering managers share with other managers a preference for leadership roles but their elevation on psychological mindedness shows a more pragmatic analytical and less intuitive approach to management…