The Harvard University (Massachusetts) open-stack libraries have experienced substantial losses of rare books and important manuscripts due to theft and vandalism. Some of the thieves have been found and prosecuted, among them several notorious or even respected individuals with long histories of book theft. Until recently, Harvard did not admit…

This issue on developing enterprise within higher education includes six articles on universities' partnerships, barriers to start-up and their effect on aspiring entrepreneurs, issues in marketing enterprise initiatives within a university, entrepreneurial summer school as a model for teaching, video as a teaching aid, and the role of personality…

Examined relations of effortful control and ego control to children's resiliency, social status, and social competence concurrently (Time 3) and over time. Found that at Time 3, resiliency mediated the unique relations of effortful and reactive control to social status, and effortful control directly predicted socially appropriate behavior.…

Understanding research on innovation diffusion can help technology leaders in schools develop strategies to encourage the support and adoption of technological innovation. Discusses Everett M. Rogers' research on innovation diffusion, considers social systems and innovation, and describes group size and traits of innovators, early adopters, early…

Two studies involving 98 prisoners and 92 undergraduates examined whether increased attention to interpersonal behaviors would improve assessments of the personality core underlying psychopathology. Twenty-one items were developed as the Interpersonal Measure of Psychopathology. Measurement of interpersonal behavior appears to improve prediction…

Outlines the development of a new interest inventory based on the RIASEC (Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, Conventional) model. Rigorous development procedures and outcomes of a large validation study attest to the inventory's validity and reliability; it was found to be psychometrically sound and systematically correlated…

A study involving 633 Grade five Chinese students in Hong Kong found significant sex and popularity group differences in peer-nominated creativity and popularity group differences in teacher-rated creativity. Overall, peer status and perceived creativity were highly related. Students perceived boys as more creative than girls. (DB)

When teachers identified the reactive behavior patterns of 100 gifted adolescents, they classed 74% as aggressive dependent, influenced by compulsive and hysteric traits; 89.8% of the girls were thus labeled. Results raise the question of whether gifted programs seem to target only students who meet certain behavior standards. (SK)

The California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory and California Critical Thinking Skills Test were administered to 328 nursing students. There were significant differences in disposition scores between sophomores and juniors/seniors. Weak truth-seeking disposition scores appeared at all levels. (SK)

Examined factors predicting body dissatisfaction for seventh- and tenth-grade girls and boys in the second wave of a 3-year study of psychosocial maturity. Identified high body mass index, greater figure management, and being teased about appearance as risk factors for girls' body dissatisfaction. Being teased was boys' only significant risk…

Measures of social support, personality, and workload were related to psychological burnout among 149 college students. High levels of burnout were predicted by negative temperament and subjective workload, but actual workload (academic and vocational) had little to do with burnout. Low levels of burnout were predicted by positive temperament,…

Examined relationship between physical abuse and purging through a survey of 100,236 females ages 12 to 18. Investigated other influences on resiliency such as age, ethnicity, family structure and support, parental education, school climate, sexual abuse, religiosity, and other adult support. Found statistical correlations between bulimia and…

An ongoing study aims to differentiate functional uses of self-criticism from destructive self-criticism. Self-criticisms and responses of 22 senior undergraduates were grouped into 8 categories covering a broad variety of self-criticisms. The final portion of the study will compare the content and form of self-criticisms of individuals with or…

Investigates the concurrent correlates and developmental antecedents of personality types in a sample of 14 to 19-year-old Dutch adolescents. Three main personality types with behavioral and parenting correlates and antecedents were identified. Discussion highlights the importance of the family environment in understanding behavioral correlates of…

Examines three factors that may place adolescents at risk for aggression and violence: personality, affect, and family. Using a sample of male adolescents at risk for violence, a cluster analysis was conducted to categorize these adolescents in terms of personality characteristics. Concludes that, among male delinquents, elevated psychopathology…