To measure stereotypes of the 518 most common women's names along six dimensions (Good-Bad, Strong-Weak, Active-Passive, Sincere-Insincere, Intelligent-Dumb, and Calm-Emotional), this study administered the Osgood semantic differential to 250 male and 250 female college students. While previous research has been done on the first three of these…

The success or failure of black children in school has been attributed to positive or negative self-concept, but the construct of self-concept has been misused and misrepresented by educators and researchers. The traditional definition of self-concept as a highly interrelated perception of the self has been defined in perceptual rather than…

DiPietro, Larson, and Porges (1987) found behavioral and physiological differences between breast-fed and bottle-fed newborns. It was suggested that breast-feeding is associated with more optimal physiological organization and with increased irritable reactivity early in the neonatal period. The present study investigated whether breast-fed…

To examine the existence of short term indicators of long term program results, studies and autobiographical/biographical material of gifted individuals were reviewed. Analysis yielded a checklist of 25 characteristics purported to lead to satisfaction as adults. The checklist items are explained to include the following self perceptions of gifted…

The predicted decline in usefulness and emphasis of projective techniques was analyzed from several different perspectives including the academic community, members of the American Psychological Association (APA) Division 12, internship centers, the applied clinical setting, and private practitioners. In addition, an extensive review of empirical,…

Twenty-four characteristics of effective leaders are described as an aid in helping others become effective student activities directors. It is stated that leaders are made, not born; leadership must be learned from experience, not from a textbook; and one must build on successes and learn from mistakes. Among the characteristics of effective…

Traditionally, coping and adaptation have been considered synonymous in individual's responses to illness and other stressful situations. The Illness Adaptation Scale (IAS) is a 12-item instrument which was designed to assess adaptational outcomes in illness situations as well as four coping modes (instrumental-self oriented, instrumental-other…

While most lifespan developmental theories of personality predict age-related changes in coping, little direct evidence exists for determining whether age differences in coping style are due to intrinsic developmental processes or to age differences in the kinds of stresses encountered. To evaluate age differences in coping strategies and whether…

In the past 10 years, eating disorders among adolescent females have become of increasing concern. To assess the prevalence of eating disorders, unusual eating-related behaviors and attitudes, and psychological states among college women, 677 women, from three private northeastern United States colleges, completed a questionnaire assessing…

A study examined the effect of bibliotherapy on the personal and social development of second grade students in a self-contained classroom. Students were pretested with the California Test of Personality (CTP), primary series, then were read to from books chosen on the basis of weaknesses exhibited by the children on the test. Books were read to…

Recent research investigating the consequences of match-mismatch in cognitive style status for interpersonal attraction in teacher-student, patient-therapist, and other dyads suggests that matched persons are more likely to develop positive feelings toward each other. To assess the impact of cognitive style on the outcomes experienced by married…

The present study raises serious questions regarding the interpretation of earlier research that has generally indicated that "favorable" personality descriptions are accepted more highly than "unfavorable" personality descriptions. The higher acceptance evidently resulted from the greater base-rate truthfulness existing in the favorable…

This study attempted to examine the effects of short-term psychiatric hospitalization for black and white patients by comparing them when they entered a short-term public hospital, when they were released from the hospital, and in the community 18 months following hospital release. Few differences were found at discharge or at follow-up. (Author)

In order to compare the evaluations of self-disclosure from three points of view--the sender, the receiver, and a neutral observer--self-rankings and group-rankings of self-disclosure were collected from 11 members of a weekend encounter group. Results indicate that content analyses yield quite different results from global analyses. (Author)

Presents data from the administration of questionnaires containing civil liberties and personality measures in two different years to adults in the metropolitan New York City area, finding that attitudes towards civil liberties issues correlated with flexibility, self-reliance, independence, anomie, and fate control measures. Anxiety scores did…