Fifteen women with long-standing histories of eating disorders and other disordered behavior participated in a psychodynamically oriented psychotherapy group over a three-year period. Provides several observations on the group and describes how a variety of variables combined to help, as well as, hinder favorable outcomes in group members.…

Examines how some links among various models of individual and family relationships begin to constitute a science of intimate relationships. Examples from a theory of personality socialization in the family are given to illustrate how links between theory and practice can be achieved through various methods. (Author/MKA)

Presents four-part empirical model for teaching and learning critical thinking. Model consists of dispositional or attitudinal component, instruction in and practice with critical-thinking skills, structure-training activities designed to facilitate transfer across contexts, and metacognitive component used to direct and assess thinking. Contains…

Presents a qualitative analysis of cognitive and emotional functioning in intellectually borderline adolescents and the consequences for personality and social development. Psychopathological risk is analyzed. Describes conceptualizations that intellectually borderline adolescents have of their own mental functioning. Discusses the implication for…

In this study, 143 creativity researchers completed a survey to rate the importance of various traits and developmental influences on creative achievement. Behaviors in the Motivational Composite were rated as most important for recognized creative achievement, followed by problem finding and questioning skills, and traits reflecting adaptive…

Time-, strain-, and behavior-based dimensions of work/family conflict were examined for 225 workers. Each dimension had unique dispositional or situational antecedents. Negative affectivity was the strongest predictor of work/family conflict. (SK)

Students generally find themselves in listening situations, but they may not prefer this mode. A study of Arkansas educators' personality traits and communication abilities found that educators were either reactors, workaholics, or persisters. They interacted well with others like themselves but demonstrated limited potential to interact with…

Personality-motivation was compared for age- and gender-matched individuals with Williams (n=35) or Prader-Willi (n=35) syndromes or mental retardation due to nonspecific causes (n=35). Each syndrome featured aberrant motivational profiles and similarities were found across groups in social interaction, anxiety, and orderliness. Recommendations…

Investigated links between maternal employment, marital satisfaction, and fathers' parenting during their child's infancy. Found that fathers whose wives worked part time or less were more sensitive and responsive when more involved in caregiving; men whose wives worked full time showed more negative affect and behavior when more involved in child…

Noted the scant research-examining factors that may qualify the magnitude of relations between parental support and control and adolescent problem behaviors. Examined whether adolescent temperament has an effect on the relationships of parenting to antisocial behavior and substance abuse. Found that parenting and temperament have significant joint…

The effect of personality similarity on compatibility and conflict was studied among roommate pairs. Self-reported data were collected for frequency of conflict, liking, personality measures, "morningness," choice vs. assigned, length of rooming together, length of relationship, and socioeconomic variables. Although some variables show…

A study evaluated differences in ratings of behavior problems and competence from the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) between samples of 78 gifted adolescents and 62 controls. Results found no reliable differences for any scales from the CBCL and a low prevalence of behavior problems in both samples. (Author/CR)

Although youth would be better served by the strengths-based resiliency paradigm, it is much harder to actually shift from focusing on the problems that placed a youth at risk to focusing on the strengths a youth has developed to handle the problems. Article considers how challenging such change can be and offers suggestions for meeting the…

Factors that contribute to resilience provide a framework for demonstrating how mental health professionals can build on strengths in adolescents in a violence reduction program. Article profiles the resilient youth as one who is optimistic, empathetic, has a caring temperament, and can attract friendships. (Author/JDM)

Authors examine the construct of resilience and its application in schools. Analysis suggests several cautions concerning adoption of programs and practices related to resilience. These include: problems with locating resilience in children instead of systems; over-reliance upon programs to promote resilience instead of natural processes; and the…