Based on a paper read by the first author at the American Educational Research Association meeting, 1967.

This literature review examines Kurt Lewin's influence in leadership psychology. Characteristics of field theory are described in detail and utilized in analyzing leadership research, including the trait approach, leader behavior studies, contingency theory, path-goal theory, and leader decision theory. Important trends in leadership research are…

Intended to help instructors of introductory psychology courses, this publication contains lectures given at the 1980 meeting of the American Psychological Association in Montreal, Canada. There are five papers. The first paper examines the literature on learning and memory in terms of a model focusing on biological and cognitive constraints on…

The authoritarian-aggression attitudes of graduate education students were studied. Authoritarian-aggression is defined as the tendency to look for, condemn, reject, and punish people who violate conventional behavior. It was hypothesized that no significant differences in authoritarian-aggression attitudes exist between graduate students who…

A sex-role stereotype questionnaire, consisting of 38 bipolar personality trait items and regarding appropriate careers and social roles for men and women, was administered to 82 elementary teachers who volunteered to complete it. Teachers were instructed to describe their ideal female and male adult. This study sought to determine if teachers,…

Research indicates that sex role orientation may be a better predictor of leadership behavior than biological sex. To provide support for the integration of sex role and leadership theories, two studies were conducted using college students as research subjects. In the first study, female and male students completed the Bem Sex Role Inventory…

This study attempts to determine factors which would predict Spanish ability in experienced bilingual teachers in order to plan language development lessons for prospective bilingual teachers. A review of literature on personality, social, and psychological factors in learning a foreign language suggests that there may be some correlation between…

Father absence and measures of sex role attitudes in children have been examined in previous research. To investigate whether father presence is more likely to be positively related to instrumentality in both boys and girls, children and their parents completed questionnaires. Boys scored higher than girls on the instrumentality measures. Children…

Since measurement errors exist in panel surveys, LISREL (a procedure for controlling measurement error by the analysis of covariance structures) was used in this investigation to determine the stability of the social-psychological concept of locus of control expectancy change with the aquisition of post secondary education. The National…

Many physiological and psychological processes fluctuate throughout the day in fairly stable, rhythmic patterns. The relationship between individual differences in circadian activity rhythms and a sense of time urgency were explored as well as a number of achievement-related variables. Undergraduates (N=308), whose circadian activity rhythms were…

Information about the influence fathers have on their children's development is provided in this booklet. Chapter One reviews research focused on father-absence and inadequate fathering. Societal expectations for fathers, paternal deprivation, children's emotional, cognitive and social development as well as sex-role adjustment are briefly…

Studies using unipolar models of sex role identity in conjunction with an attributional approach to female achievement prediction have found that androgynous women tend to consider ability to be a more feasible explanation for success than do either feminine or undifferentiated women. Androgynous, masculine, feminine and undifferentiated males and…

Competent leadership is an integral ingredient for the enhancement of Indian education. Definitions of leadership and categories of leadership styles are variable. Leadership, an elusive term subjectively applied to emphasize an individual's pattern of action or inaction, has been viewed by researchers in many ways. Some feel it is composed of…

There is no doubt that women have more depression than men--both treated and untreated--and that depression affects women in their most productive years, impairing personal satisfaction and ability to fulfill social roles. A review of the various therapeutic approaches to depression shows that there is good evidence that the traditional…

Eighty undergraduates were administered four self-report locus of control inventories, in order to evaluate the convergent and discriminant validity of four categories common to these inventories: chance, fate, personal control, and powerful others. The four inventories were: (1) Internal, Powerful Others and Chance scales; (2) James Internal…