Past research has produced conflicting results concerning the manner in which Type As and Bs make attributions following success and failure. Some studies find that Type As are more likely than Type Bs to blame themselves for all outcomes, particularly failure. Other research indicates that Type As are more self-serving in their post-performance…

The term "ipsative" refers to measurement based on intra-individual comparisons. The research literature in the social sciences contains many cautions about using ipsative data in multivariate analysis. The purpose of this paper is to identify the problems associated with the multivariate and regression analyses of ipsative data and to…

This paper discusses the role of family variables in the development of schizophrenia. Other theories regarding the etiology of schizophrenia are summarized to show the complexity of the problem. Both biological and psychosocial factors are discussed. The review of current developments is organized around three family characteristics that have…

This study focuses on identifying factors that contribute to variation in maternal childrearing practices. Of particular interest were parenting practices related to cognitive outcomes during infancy and the early childhood period. It was hypothesized that parenting behavior is multiply determined and that three of the determinants are…

Four major formulations of the relationship between sex role orientation and successful adaptation have found support in the literature: a traditional sex role, androgyny, masculinity, and androgyny for females. The adaptive implications of sex role orientation were examined on constructs reflecting intrapersonal functioning, i.e., ego identity…

To explicate the conditions under which black men and women have achieved success, using blacks as a legitimate population rather than as deviants from a majority group, factors related to academic and professional achievement by black men and women were explored. Sixty-four black professionals with doctoral degrees, including college professors,…

Spouse abuse research has indicated that marital violence occurs in all age groups, among all races, and in all levels of education and social class. To provide further information by comparing battered and exbattered women, 18 battered and 14 exbattered women completed a questionnaire about themselves and their assailants. Information was…

There is little literature comparing personality differences between traditional (under age 25) and reentry women students (aged 25 and older). The purpose of the present study is to examine these differences. A background questionnaire and five additional scales: (1) the Work and Family Orientation Questionnaire (WOFO-3); (2) the…

To determine students' different but equally valid ways of dealing with the composing process, a college instructor developed a questionnaire assessing personality styles. The questionnaire distinguishes between (1) approaches to the writing process, (2) preferences for types of instruction, (3) preferences for types of writing and organizational…

This study compared the characteristics of freshman teacher aspirants choosing to continue in or leave a teacher education program at the end of their first year. Personality characteristics of the freshmen (n=102) were assessed with the Personal Orientation Inventory which consists of 150 two-choice comparative value-judgment items reflecting the…

This study measured vocational high school teachers' tolerance of disruptive behaviors and examined the relationships of teacher tolerance to selected teacher traits and disciplinary effectiveness ratings. Ratings were provided by the teachers, students, local supervisors and building directors. The population included 164 vocational high school…

This document presents guidelines for school staff to use in responding to an adolescent suicide. It gives statistics on teenage suicides and suicide attempts and examines characteristics of high-risk adolescents. Behavior patterns associated with adolescent suicide are described, paying close attention to the patterns of depression, substance…

The information digest presents information on stress management in the schools for learning disabled students. The following questions are addressed: Why does the education "spotlight" need to be trained on stress management in the schools? What is stress? What are possible causes of achievement stress for the learning disabled? (school…

Psychometric properties of the Alcohol Behavior, Attitude, and Awareness Inventory (ABAA Inventory) were assessed using data collected in 1987 from 799 university students. Results suggested that the ABAA Inventory was internally-consistent (alpha = .82) and stable over time (test-retest coefficient = .77). Subscale alphas ranged from .45 to .92,…

A theory of interest is presented, with comments on the assessment of interest in a student. The concept of interest as an affective state, elicited by certain characteristics of the material, is not sufficient, since situational factors do not seem solely responsible for making information more interesting. The educational interest theory here…