Do depressed people interpret guilt-provoking situations differently than nondepressed people? Cognitive-behavioral theories of psychopathology would predict that they do, since a major premise of such theories is that maladaptive emotional patterns are mirrored in distinct cognitive responses. Highly depressed subjects in an exploratory study of…

This volume contains 19 essays on current research in representative areas of psychology. All of the authors are professors and researchers at universities in the United States. A wide range of topics is discussed. Included among these are human learning and memory; behavioral decision theory; categorization of natural objects; developmental…

The concept of field dependence/independence is defined by the behavior patterns of individuals. Those who use predominantly internal cues when making judgments on perceptual tasks are considered field independent; those who use predominantly external cues are considered field dependent. To test whether field dependence is related to anxiety,…

In a study based on data collected by Project TALENT, only children and individuals from two-child families were compared on a number of outcome variables in order to explore whether, and in what way, only children differ from children with siblings. A sample of 3221 Project TALENT participants who were in either the ninth or twelth grade in 1960…

The two studies reported in this paper explored parental development in first-time mothers of handicapped, at-risk, and normal children. Measures of personality, motivation, belief system, knowledge of infant development, and anticipatory socialization (knowledge, beliefs or expectations of parenting) were used to examine differences between the…

A study was conducted to examine the relationship between life-style, personality, role concept, and the influence of significant others in married women pursuing traditional, neotraditional, and nontraditional life-styles. Traditional women are defined as those who left paid employment after marriage or the birth of their first child;…

In an attempt to replicate and extend previous research, the Community Oriented Programs Environment Scale (COPES) was administered over a two-year period to youths residing at Boys Town. Each administration provided further replication for the previous one. The youths lived in "family-style" homes with Family-Teachers. The results of…

IN THIS STUDY OF PERSONALITY DIFFERENCES, THE SIXTEEN PERSONALITY FACTOR QUESTIONNAIRE AND AN ADULT EDUCATION INTERVIEW SHEET WERE ADMINISTERED TO A GROUP OF WOMEN WHO HAD PARTICIPATED IN SEWING CLASSES OFFERED BY THE MOTT ADULT EDUCATION PROGRAM OF THE FLINT, MICHIGAN, BOARD OF EDUCATION, AND TO A GROUP OF THEIR FRIENDS AND NEIGHBORS WHO HAD NOT…

The problem was to construct, validate, and test a Q-sort instrument consisting of 56 statements measuring attitude changes of individual participants toward the seven educational conditions of the Indiana Plan for Adult Education in the Church. The Q-sort was structured to represent conditions of the plan at two levels with four replications…

This annotated bibliography dealing with adult learning characteristics contains 82 indexed and abstracted entries arranged under the following headings: (1) Mental and Perceptual Abilities, (2) Personality and Social Role Factors, and (3) General Bibliographies. Intelligence, intelligence tests, memory and retention, adult development, older…

The general purpose of this book is to examine applications of the component approach to sensitivity training. Chapter 2 examines the goals of training and considers each of the components (level of perception, spread of perception, empathy, observation, stereotypes, and the individual), together with interaction studies, filmed and taped…

A survey was made of 1730 psychiatric patients who had been discharged into the community. Of the 1730, more were females (69%), but disorders among men were more severe. Three groups of cases were identified: the most severe, composed of persons poorly established in the community, most frequently single unskilled males and often diagnosed…

This study investigated differences and similarities between those inmates at the State Prison of Southern Michigan who had participated in the Academic School adult education programs and another group who had never participated in any adult education activity. Variables were personality factors as defined by the Sixteen Personality Factor…

This paper describes a study which examined interactive relationships between a personality variable (need for approval) and a situational variable (incentive for achievement) as determinants of transgression in temptation situations. Hypotheses were formulated that need for approval would correlate differentially with transgression when…

This paper was presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association as part of a symposium, "A social learning alternative to structural theories for explaining developmental changes in childrens behavior." This presentation examines the moral development of a child in terms of a social learning approach, and discusses…