Autism spectrum disorders are potentially associated with gastrointestinal dysfunction, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Recently, the oral cavity has gained attention as the starting point of the digestive tract. We aim to explore the potential association between altered oral microbiota and oxidative stress in individuals with…

Learning analytics (LA), like much of machine learning, assumes the training and test datasets come from the same distribution. Therefore, LA models built on past observations are (implicitly) expected to work well for future observations. However, this assumption does not always hold in practice because the dataset may drift. Recently,…

Individuals and organizations frequently tout creative ideas as a desirable goal, and yet, creative ideas are frequently rejected. Creativity researchers have often suggested that creative ideas are rejected because they are perceived as riskier due to their inherent novelty or originality. Although this assumption is prevalent, we are unaware of…

We present a model of endogenous schooling and earnings to isolate the causal effect of parents' education on children's education and earnings outcomes. The model suggests that parents' education is positively related to children's earnings, but its relationship with children's education is ambiguous. Identification is achieved by comparing the…

The relationship between confidence and accuracy has long been an important and controversial topic within the field of human memory. In a recent review article, Schwartz (2024). "Inferential theories of retrospective confidence." Metacognition & Learning.) competently summarized some of the key empirical findings on this issue and…

Recent studies have proposed that the automatic activation of naïve concepts, which persist even after learning scientific concepts, must be inhibited to successfully output scientific concepts. This model assumes that individual differences in inhibitory control (IC) within executive functions represent differences in conceptual change. However,…

This study aims to examine the relationship between pre-service teachers' understanding of the Nature of Science (NOS), epistemic beliefs (EB), and pseudoscientific beliefs (PSB), and whether there is a difference between pre-service teachers' understanding of NOS and pseudoscientific beliefs with sophisticated and naive epistemological beliefs.…

Background: Previous evidence has suggested a strong association between school exclusion and health outcomes. However, as health risks are themselves related to the risk of experiencing a school exclusion, it has been challenging to determine the extent to which school exclusion impacts later health outcomes, as opposed to reflecting a marker for…

According to Vygotsky's cultural-historical activity theory, pretend play can be an important context for the development of children's social competence. The aim of this meta-analysis was to synthesize the current evidence about the relation between pretend play and social competence in early childhood (age 3-8 years). A systematic literature…

Math anxiety is a fear of math-related activities. The problem addressed in this study is the lack of understanding of the link between math anxiety and math performance. Students and educators are affected by math anxiety. The fear of math can also affect individuals when completing real-world activities such as filing taxes, calculating sales…

The first section of this paper sets the record straight regarding many of Debouwere's (2024, "Review of Education," 12, e3445) specific criticisms. The second section discusses the magnitude of the SES-achievement relationship, specifically Debouwere's (2024) contention that the correlation is strong around 0.5 or 0.6 compared to…

When individuals are released from prison, they typically enter a period of post confinement community supervision. While under community supervision, their behaviors are subject to special conditions requiring them to report to supervisors and prohibiting certain behaviors such as drug and alcohol use. Many supervisees are returned to prison…

Mathematical ability is a crucial component of human cognitive function, which is defined as the ability to acquire, process, and store mathematical information. While many studies have documented a close relationship between elementary school children's inhibitory control and their mathematical ability, existing empirical evidence remains…

The emotional aspect of dyslexia has recently received more attention. A growing body of literature highlights the links between dyslexia and self-perception (such as self-esteem and self-efficacy) and psychopathology (such as anxiety). However, there is no research on self-compassion in adults with dyslexia. The current study aimed to examine the…

Recruiting and retaining a high-quality teacher workforce is a challenge for many of today's school leaders. One way to address this challenge is to understand the role of teachers' psychological experiences at work in their career decisions. Although substantial research has explored the role of negative psychological experiences (such as…