The correlation between a bilingual's usage of grammatical morphemes from one of his/her languages and his/her language dominance is examined. The subject is a three-year-old Danish/English bilingual who code-switches at the morpheme level even though she has never been exposed to a code-switching bilingual community. Co-occurrence restrictions…

This workbook in French grammar, intended for American college students, provides instruction and practice in French morphology, syntax, vocabulary, punctuation, and language style at the intermediate level. It is also designed to increase or reinforce the students' understanding of English grammar, based on the assumption that American students…

A discussion of the language problems encountered by professionals working overseas and of how to meet the English language needs of these individuals draws on analyses of native-speaker discourse and on excerpts from non-native-speakers' writing about professional subjects. The topics of the excerpts include management, technology, and forestry.…

A handbook to the grammar of Mauritanian Arabic (Hassaniya) is intended for Peace Corps volunteers, and is designed to focus attention on proper grammatical forms. Lesson topics include the article, personal pronouns, possessive pronouns, negation of the implied verb "to be," noun gender, adjective gender, number, "there is/are and…

The Preschool Preposition Test (PPT) is a receptive language test which examines the comprehension of verbal directions using spatial prepositions or prepositional phrases, together with manipulative objects. The 23 items ask the child to place a ball in back of or into another object, and so on. The test is designed for 3 to 5-year old children…

THIS MANUAL PRESENTS A COMPREHENSIVE GRAMMAR OF THE BASHKIR LANGUAGE, A MEMBER OF THE NORTHWESTERN (KIPCHAK) BRANCH OF THE TURKIC LANGUAGE FAMILY. BASHKIR, WHICH CLOSELY RESEMBLES VOLGA TATAR, IS SPOKEN BY ALMOST ONE MILLION BASHKIRS IN THE BASHKIR SOVIET REPUBLIC. THE BASHKIR LITERARY LANGUAGE, WHICH APPEARED IN THE 1920'S, IS WRITTEN IN THE…

THE TEACHER PACKET FOR THE SEVENTH-GRADE ENGLISH PROGRAM OF THE NEBRASKA CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT CENTER INCLUDES, AS DO ALL SECONDARY UNITS, TWO SUBJECT-MATTER SECTIONS--LITERATURE AND COMPOSITION, AND LANGUAGE AND COMPOSITION. THE LITERATURE PROGRAM CONCENTRATES ON THE CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH VARIOUS CULTURES CREATE STORIES, THE SOCIAL FUNCTIONS…

This textbook is designed as a first-year course at the undergraduate level. It is specifically aimed at students with no prior knowledge of Armenian, and emphasis has been placed on the numerous subtleties and nuances of Armenian which might seem strange or difficult to English speakers. In the text, stress has been put on explaining the grammar…

This paper examines three ways in which the Spanish imperfect and preterite are theoretically conceptualized and how such conceptions are realized practically in elementary Spanish textbooks. An attempt is made to present the three approaches as constituting a theoretical progression rather than viewing them as isolated treatments of the same…

There is a set of difficult Spanish grammar questions (ser-estar, preterite-imperfect, subjunctive-indicative, word order, and prepositions) in which the description of the semantic component is essential. Even though generative formulations treat them in differing ways, these questions possess the common characteristic of associating a form…

Contrastive analysis is vitally associated with foreign language teaching. A competent bilingual's intuition about the relationship of the forms in the two languages is the most important part of the valid data for analysis. By means of contrastive analysis major grammatical problems for American students learning Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) noun…

This paper proposes that some but not all "I" causatives in Korean are analyzable, and argues that case markers in Korean are not merely surface phenomena, but are semantically and syntactically significant. The types of Korean causatives are introduced, as well as the major problems involved in their analysis. Previous generative works…

Three grammars that, since the 50's, have supplemented or offered alternatives to traditional grammar are discussed in this article. The role of grammar in communicative utterances and the underlying considerations in describing a grammatical system are analyzed. Then, brief summaries about and comments on structural linguistics, tagmemic grammar,…

A review of traditional and transformational studies on the phenomenon of sentential complementation (noun clauses) reveals many areas of agreement. Although some adherents of generative grammar may have occasionally obscured this aspect because of the offensive nature of their criticism of other modes of analysis, it is seen that, in several…

This final volume in a series of texts developed for an introductory course in Portuguese reviews essential grammatical features and provides reading materials in the form of narratives on the cultural and economic aspects of Brazil. Each lesson includes a review of a grammatical feature, use of a selected word, exercises, narratives, and…