This centrally focused collection of articles and lectures examines literary interpretation and the relation of literature to language. The first of the book's three parts introduces the distinction between natural discourse and fictive discourse (verbal structures that function as representatives of natural utterances). It also deals with the…

Although the problem of aggression generates considerable social concern, aggressive delinquents are rarely provided with more than minimal treatment following legal processing and incarceration. When treatment is available, it usually consists of some form of ineffective or even counterproductive punishment administered in the context of a token…

The purpose of this study was to determine if children's performance in solving verbally stated arithmetic problems varied when word clues were included or omitted. The sample consisted of 382 fifth-grade children enrolled in four schools of one school system. Twelve sets of problems were so constructed that each set contained two similar problem…

The etiological approach to psychological research is discussed, particularly regarding research on visual and vocal behavior. Thirty-four adult female dyads discussed topics on which they agreed and on which they disagreed. Each subject's looking and talking was recorded by observers on a computer in a time frame data structure. Data were…

In order to provide a critical test of a proposed procedure for explaining and validating a rules theory, this paper examines four items of communications research which make claims regarding the generality and practical necessity of the empirical relationships they investigate. The paper demonstrates the utility of the procedure for rigorously…

Communication theory and rhetorical theory engage in essentially the same endeavor, that of investigating the transfer of symbolic messages between human beings. The difference between the two disciplines is largely one of focus, a philosophical versus a scientific emphasis. Historically, suggestions for integrating rhetoric and communication…

This final report attempts to summarize the major findings of three and one-half years of research in the area of understanding and accurately judging others. The author's research on person perception focuses on the use of sound motion pictures of interviews as the primary stimulus and vehicle for the research. Subjects used for these studies…

This study investigated teachers' use of verbal approval and disapproval as a function of subject matter (mathematics, social studies) and class ability; the use of these behaviors in instructional versus managerial contexts was studied. Five mathematics and five social studies teachers in an inner-city junior high school were observed for 6…

Eighty four-year-old and 80 seven-year-old subjects were given a standard paired-associate learning (PAL) task and a battery of ability tasks (Labeling, Recognition, Labeling Time, Digit Span, Visual Memory, Spatial Relations, Vocabulary, and the Follow the Instructions test) to investigate the development of individual differences in visual…

This document lists chapters or sections from books and handbooks to assist inservice teachers in developing their verbal interactive skills in the classroom. Minicourse lessons and plans are referred to frequently. After an initial diagnosis of the teacher's performance level, a training counselor meets with the teacher and utilizes such a list…

This paper reports the development of a classroom observation instrument designed to broaden and extend the power of existing tools to provide a balanced, reciprocal perspective of both verbal and nonverbal communication. An introductory section discusses developments in communication analysis. The Miniaturized Total Interaction Analysis System…

This paper reports a study of selected examples of verbal behavior patterns in primary grade classrooms during science activities. The subjects were 32 elementary teachers within five mid-Michigan public school districts. A control group of 16 teachers taught science in the conventional manner. The experimental group received an in-depth study of…

The purpose of the study was (1) to examine the results from a two-association perceptual-motor task as to their implications for Luria's theory about the development of verbal control of non-verbal behavior; (2) to explore the effects of various learning experiences upon this development. The sample consisted of 20 randomly selected children in…

Research was undertaken to develop techniques to facilitate natural communication with computers, people, other computers, and real-time devices. The work has been carried on as an integrated research program; work on semantic automatic language processing and automatic programing aids was performed, and work on the development of time-sharing…

This study investigated the effects of Expected Audience Response (EAR) and Perceived Audience Response (PAR) on speaker attitudes, tested the predictability of cognitive balance theory in a communication feedback setting, and provided a comprehensive review of the experimental literature on feedback. Speakers were given an expectation of the…