Takes an in-depth look at the probabilistic nature of human communication, i.e, the misinterpretation of the language-producer message by the language comprehender. Reviews the psycho-linguistic, linguistic and philosophical literature dealing with this aspect of language and demonstrates that this misinterpretation is related to a basic process…

Some psychological issues of implication and inference were discussed and dealt with from a theoretical standpoint in an attempt to put clearly into perspective the authors' conceptions of the direction that further research in this area can take to (a) contribute to the understanding of inference and implication in relation to the total message…

Focuses on three issues which are hypothesized as affecting the negotiation of an agreement in a mixed-motive conflict: congruency of verbal and nonverbal messages, relative impact of verbal and nonverbal messages, and expression of cooperative or competitive intentions. (MH)

In the hope of throwing some light on the process of translation, and within the framework of a specific definition of translation, nine levels of literary and general translation are identified. The responsibilities of the translator are discussed. French is used in the examples. (Text is in French.) (AMH)

An interaction analysis observation instrument, with categories found in the definition of "executive competence" by Wenar and related to R. White's effectance motivation, was used to observe 37 toddlers with their mothers. (SB)

This is a description of a model for use in a values clarification program for adult learners. The aim is to help adults become familiar with a tool to aid them in clarifying the meaning of conflicting values in life situations. (Author)

A person centered communication workshop was developed to help aspiring facilitators achieve a set of listening and responding skills with which to initiate and/or sustain facilitative interactions. The workshop has been helpful to teachers, teacher aides, counselors, speech-audiology therapists, and pupil personnel workers. (LBH)

This study investigated the hypothesis that information spoken by the teacher immediately following a prolonged silence is learned more effectively than the same information spoken in the normal speech patterns. Results show that prolonged periods of teacher silence can be a means to implement learning. (Author/RM)

Systematic instruction of reading tends to separate it from the other forms of verbal language communication--writing, speaking, and listening--a separation is unnatural, unproductive, and ultimately self-defeating. (MB)

This study found that there are striking similarities between the pattern of interruptions in male-female interchanges and those observed in the adult-child transactions. (Author)

Teacher behavior variables in an experimental teacher training study were coded in two ways; one method of coding was based on the formal structural properties of discrete teaching acts; the other method of coding was based upon the functional properties (consequential student behaviors) of discrete teaching acts. (Author/JC)

Aggressive and normal boys from 77 to 97 months of age were compared on measures of verbal ability, types of self-guiding speech, nonverbal intelligence, reading achievement, impulsivity, ability to inhibit responses, and response modulation following overt and covery commands. It is hypothesized that both learning and behavior problems in…

Reports two experiments designed to determine if (1) low-performing blacks would be evaluated lower than comparable whites while high-performing blacks would be rated higher than white counterparts, and (2) perceived social class, not race, would be the relevant variable in the operation of the stereotype confirmation - contrast process. Available…

The effectiveness of two workshops provided for teachers and aides in a day care center was studied. Training was effective in increasing caregiver verbal involvement with children during play, but was less effective in reducing the number of verbal directives delivered by caregivers to children. (PCB)