While researchers can describe how some effective principals perform in some situations, little is known about what shapes their practice and what meaning they find in such practice. This report is part of a larger series exploring principals' problem-solving strategies and thought processes. This paper examines one problem-solving dimension…

Neurolinguistic Programming (NLP) is a currently popular therapeutic modality in which individuals organize information through three basic sensory systems, one of which is the Primary Representational System (PRS). This study was designed to investigate gender differences in PRS according to the predicate preference method. It was expected that…

The American culture's emphasis on individualism may fail to recognize that help-seeking can be an important proactive skill in the achievement domains of school and work. While research has shown that the majority of students obtain some help from peers or instructors, the study of help-seeking as a learning strategy has been virtually neglected.…

In the first study, 40 males (grades 7 through 8) with learning disabilities (LD) were compared to a random sample of 40 age matched non LD males using 24 learning style variables drawn from the Learning Style Inventory (LSI). Discriminant analysis revealed that non LD Ss were more persistent and adult motivated than were LD Ss, who preferred to…

The study was designed to evaluate a hypothesis derived from recent trends in cognitive theory. The hypothesis concerned whether spatial environment information stored in memory is primarily analog or propositional. A related question concerned whether differences between analog and propositional processes underlie individual differences in the…

Orientation to time, place, and person is a central aspect of cognitive functioning. Measures of orientation, as employed in the psychiatric mental status examination, evaluate the accuracy of orientation in present awareness, and are applicable only to severely disturbed psychiatric populations in whom obvious deficits would be expected. The…

The study examined the relations of cognitive style (field independence) to reading comprehension test performance for 48 prelingually, profoundly deaf adolescents. Ss read passages and answered comprehension questions consisting of two Information Types (text-explicit, text-implicit), Lookback Conditions (lookback, no-lookback), and Question…

Studies have shown that depressed people have a significantly higher number of irrational beliefs and cognitive distortions than nondepressed people. The purpose of this study was to identify the causal relationship among depression, irrational beliefs, and cognitive distortions through the use of cross-lagged panel correlational analysis. On two…

Failure was hypothesized to be an antecedent of a reflective style of responding and frustration an antecedents of an impulsive style. Fourth grade children experienced either failure or frustration, and were then assessed with the Matching Familiar Figures Test. (SBT)

Many kinds of individual differences among learners have been studied by psychologists and educators in an attempt to improve the educational process. Some emphasis has been placed on the notion of cognitive style in an effort to understand more of the cognitive processes which underlie academic performance. The purpose of the present study was to…

In order to assist the accountability demands of current educational policy, this report recommends the employment of a cognitive style mapping inventory to determine what each individual may achieve in learning skills. It is indicated that when students were permitted to study in ways compatible with their recognized cognitive styles, achievement…

This study investigated the effects of personality and cognitive style preferences on preferred teaching styles. Preservice teachers completed the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, the Educational Cognitive Style Inventory, and the Learning Styles Inventory. Personality types, especially thinking/feeling, significantly predicted the importance of…

The increase in studies of the interaction of readers' prior knowledge systems with language cues in print has been a significant trend in reading research. Current research questions reflect the belief that the prior knowledge systems of readers are a principal determinant of what a reader can learn and remember from text. Cognitive style…

Recent investigations of the cognitive components of human-environmental interactions owe much to the work of city planner Kevin Lynch, who hypothesized cognitive mapping as a two-way interactive process between individuals and their environment. Lynch identified five elements which individuals used in the construction of cognitive maps,…

The problem which this study addresses is the effects of cognitive style and variations in the free sort procedures on the sorting outcome of sorting time and number and quality of manifest partitions. This experiment was designed to look at the effects of the cognitive styles of field dependence, category width and equivalence range,…