The author believes the essay is a good instrument for giving students practice in reading, thinking, and writing, and describes a model for scoring student essays. When using the model, judges ranked essays in similar order, thus allowing essay writing to become a reliable tool for developing basic skills. (KC)

Presents remarks on essay testing made by Edward M. White, an account of procedures for developing essay questions for the California State University and Colleges (CSUC) English Equivalency Examination, the 1974 essay scale with accompanying writing samples, and the questions and scale used in the 1975 test. (RL)

The problem of developing a widely acceptable set of standards for evaluating school discipline is examined. The issue of determining what kinds of evidence best indicate whether schools are living up to norms of basic fairness in their evaluation standards is also explored. (RLV)

Uses an interactionist perspective to show community's influence in the well-being of people. Develops thesis that sustenance adequacy and community are social conditions encouraging emergence of the self-actualization motive. Presents hypotheses concerning contributions of various community types to social well-being and suggests community…

A critical reveiw of research on the occupational and educational opportunities in this country indicates that the social and economic structure of American society limits the opportunities along both these dimensions for Whites and especially for Blacks. (EB)

Addresses such broad issues as the function of public radio in contemporary American culture, and how its public service justifies the public money it now receives, or any increased amounts it might receive in the future. (Author/CMV)

Discusses the historic and contemporary involvement of public libraries in community education, with emphasis on the need for cooperation among libraries of all types and other community agencies to ensure quality programs. (Author/CMV)

Using data on the percentage of Blacks attending minority schools for both 1968 and 1972, this study analyzes socioeconomic, political, and governmental influences affecting school segregation in northern and southern States. Federal intervention is seen as the only effective force against segregated schools, at least for the foreseeable future.…

In this case study approach, teaching episodes designed using Richard Wade's thesis concerning slavery in the city are presented. Episodes include studies of Jacksonville, Florida, Savannah, Georgia, and New Orleans, Louisiana. (Author/RLV)

Problems facing western societies during the 1980s are predicted in this article. Energy-related social upheaval may be ahead. (SA)

Traditional beliefs, values, and attitudes are being restructured by society, which deeply affects the role of the female adolescent. This article discusses these effects on the experience of the contemporary White American middle class female older adolescent (16-20 years old) in relation to the changing role of women. (Author/KC)

Discusses three possible contributions of information science technology and techniques to health information from the perspective of the health information needs of various populations: (1) extraction of a specific report passage or sentence in machine-readable form; (2) development of controlled vocabularies and thesauri; and (3) development of…

Argues that the concept of "librarian as teacher" is an organization fiction, and that this fiction is dysfunctional being both harmful and costly. (Author/CWM)

Discusses the concept of professionalism for librarianship, questioning the position of library associations on credentials as well as the validity of the graduate degree in library science with regard to the individual librarian and public service. (CWM)

Describes a methodology for determining the extent of implementation of instructional innovations. The structural equations model used to measure the interaction among teacher, curriculum, and student, is given. (RAO)