The situational specificity hypothesis predicts that, if the setting does not vary, validity will not vary. Using data from a large-sample validity study numerous small-sample studies were generated for which the setting was held constant. Results indicate variability across studies in observed validity coefficients, significance levels, and…

Meta-analysis of 70 studies examining the efficacy of drug treatment for severe behavior disorders indicate a modest positive effect for drug intervention. Subsets of data aggregating behavioral, cognitive, and physiological outcomes are examined as well as variation for drug effects in terms of subject characteristics and design variables.…

Treatment studies using the Zung Self-Rating Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression as dependent measures were reviewed to determine whether these scales provide comparable data for assessing treatment effects. Results indicated that the Zung and the Beck showed less change in depression following…

Findings from a meta-analysis of 46 studies on the effectivenss of creativity training revealed that the program with the most consistent impact on Torrance Test of Creative Thinking was the Osborne-Paines Creative Problem Solving program. Generally, verbal creativity appeared to be more affected by training than figural creativity. (CL)

Graphic organizer research was surveyed in a quantitative and qualitative meta-analysis. Effect size was used to quantify outcomes from several graphic organizer studies. Results are discussed. (DF)

Ruth Wade replies to an article written by Georgea Sparks in the same issue of "Educational Leadership" (EA 518 309) as a response to Wade's meta-analysis of inservice teacher education also appearing in this issue (EA 518 308). A closer look at the major findings is needed. (DCS)

This paper highlights the relative strengths and weaknesses of the contemporary methods of research synthesis and proposes a multistage approach to research synthesis that draws on the strengths of each of these individual methods. In this approach, the decisions at every step of the synthesis process are guided by the nature of the data. The…

A meta-analysis explored the association between past studies on intercultural communication effectiveness and intercultural communication competence, and examined the relationship between knowledge-based and skill-based attributes in predicting intercultural communication competence. A total of 16 studies met the criteria of having recoverable…

Null hypothesis significance testing alone is not sufficient for program evaluation. To assess program impact adequately, effect sizes should be reported and interpreted in the context of similar or alternate programs. A popular effect size for the treatment-control group design has been the standardized mean difference, delta. Several estimators…

Single studies, by themselves, rarely explain the effect of treatments or interventions definitively in the social sciences. Researchers created meta-analysis in the 1970s to address this need. Since then, meta-analytic techniques have been used to support certain treatment modalities and to influence policymakers. Although these techniques…

Presents meta-analysis evidence of the association between paternal sensitivity and infant-father attachment from eight studies with 546 families (combined effect size r = 0.13). A meta-analysis of 950 families from 14 studies found an overall correlation of 0.17 between infant-mother and infant-father attachment. Presents a data-based model of…

Describes an approach to overcoming challenges of large-scale multisite educational reform evaluation in the context of a study of the relationships between student achievement and instructional practices in the National Science Foundation's Systemic Initiatives program. Pooled data from 11 sites were analyzed with a planned meta-analytic…

Submitted the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) to a descriptive reliability generalization analysis to characterize the variability of measurement error in MBTI scores across administrations. In general the MBTI and its scales yielded scores with strong internal consistency and test-retest reliability estimates. (SLD)

This paper synthesizes the findings of social skills interventions conducted with 3- to 5-year-old children with disabilities between 1975 and 1999. Provided are study purposes, procedures, measures, and findings as well as analysis of effect size outcomes. Positive outcomes were associated with a range of interventions, including modeling,…

Used meta analytic methods to summarize results of Monte Carlo studies of test size and power of the F test in the single-factor, fixed-effects analysis of covariance model, updating and extending narrative reviews of this literature. (SLD)