Discusses why challenges to materials in school libraries cannot be avoided. Demonstrates how reader response theory, the multiple readings of text, makes self-censorship difficult. Explains how "censorproofing" by title, author/artist, and subject ignores reader unpredictability and maturity levels. Finds all school libraries vulnerable…

Reviews difficulties faced by English as a Second Language students in writing for evaluation. Describes approaches for reducing writing anxiety, including focusing on the fluent expression of ideas rather than grammar, and providing nonjudgmental responses. Discusses results from the implementation of these approaches, suggesting that writing…

This study tested 192 women who had been sexually abused as children, to see if perceived stigma, betrayal, powerlessness, and self-blame mediated long-term effects of child sexual abuse. Levels of psychological distress experienced by adult survivors of abuse were found to be mediated by feelings of stigma and self-blame. (Author/PB)

Discusses in depth the kinds of trust within classroom communities that make reader-response groups work (trust between teachers and students, trust among students, and students having trust in themselves). (SR)

This study examined personal concern, perceived risk, and sexual behavior of 147 college students a year after Magic Johnson announced he tested positive for HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). It found that identification mediates message effects, suggesting that a spokesperson with whom an audience can identify insures the greatest likelihood of…

Compared adolescents' reactions to hypothetical situations involving anger-provoking actions by best friends and classmates. Subjects were 96 students, ages 11 through 15. Found that situations involving best friends elicited higher ratings of prolonged negative emotion, but more coping attempts were taken than in the situations involving…

Examined continuity, stability, and change in behaviors reflecting infant reactivity and regulation. Subjects were 100 infants of 5 and 10 months old. Found that infant behaviors during frustrating situations showed both change and continuity, but the relationship between reactivity and regulation changed in that both factors became more…

National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) standards recommend interactive classroom discourse, including student questions and initiatives, rather than teacher-centered recitation structures, such as the traditional initiation-reply-evaluation sequence (IRE). This study explores how student questions and initiatives arise during a…

Finds that second-grade students of all reading abilities eagerly participated in posing and discussing questions in response to literature, asking more "why" questions than any other type. Offers recommendations for teachers interested in creating opportunities for students to discuss their own literature questions. (SR)

Explores whether OFSTED (Office for Standards in Education) inspections result in improvement in British schools. One-third of the 821 secondary teachers surveyed expressed an intention to change practice as a result of inspection. Seniority level was linked with intention to change and content of that change. Teaching experience, preparation,…

Identifies and presents an example cultural diversity course, defining emotion management. Applies the theoretical concept of emotion management to teaching methods. Offers strategies and exercises. Believes that by applying an understanding of how emotional responses are socially mediated, instructors can facilitate their classes better and…

Integrated a psychosocial developmental theory (the Kubler-Ross Stage Theory) and a psychological stage theory (the Ross Stage Theory) and a psychological stage theory (the Chickering and Reisser psychosocial and developmental theory) for challenging injured collegiate student-athletes' personal development. A search of online databases from…

Explains a shift in reading instruction theories, from defining reading as a set of discrete skills to understanding the role prior knowledge plays in comprehension. Presents annotations of 11 web sites that give teachers ideas about how to help students construct meaning and how to transact with text in powerful ways. Notes that these strategies…

Two experiments examined how different frustration contexts affect the instrumental and emotional responses of 4- to 5-month-olds. Both experiments showed that arm responses increased when the contingent stimulus was lost or reduced but decreased when control of the stimulus was lost under noncontingency. Facial expressions of anger, but not…

Describes Body Parts Writing, an activity which focuses on the reader's own text-based and self-based interpretations of literature. Notes that the purpose of this activity is to invite and support readers' personal responses and give them a forum to discuss their individual interpretations. Concludes that it provides readers with another way to…