Successful strategies used by a research team in establishing collegiality with school staffs so that research results could be succesfully implemented are described. During the initiation phase of a five-year project, four basic strategies were used to win over school staffs: paying attention to changing needs in the schools, building trust and…

Rhetorical criticism focusing on Norman Rockwell's paintings of the "Four Freedoms" provides reasons for the paintings' effectiveness within the context of Franklin Roosevelt's campaign to educate Americans about participation in World War II. The epideictic icons in Rockwell's paintings promoted identifications that constitute the…

Public school administrators must develop new organizational structures to meet declines in expenditures, enrollments, student performance, and staff motivation. In doing so they must be sure to coordinate changes at the organizational level with changes at the individual level. Development of new structures should take into account the purposes…

This study compares what motivates beginning and senior education students to want to become teachers in the present time when teaching positions are limited. Using a questionnaire adapted from an earlier study conducted in l976, students in an introductory education class and senior students in the midst of their student teaching phase were…

A study was conducted to compare adult learning experiences within formal educational programs in rural areas with those in urban areas, predominantly at the postsecondary level. It focused on the phenomenon of adult learning in rural settings by analyzing participation rates, needs assessment data, interest inventories, program evaluations, and…

This study examines the psychosocial conditions of generativity and stagnation and personal characteristics related to these conditions among senior faculty at five community colleges in Massachusetts. Chapter I outlines the problem and purpose of the study; defines "stuckness" as a lack of challenge or career options, contrasting it with burnout;…

Research has found that differential attributional styles exist between depressed and nondepressed populations. Depressed (N=32) and nondepressed (N=32) undergraduate female students were selected on the basis of scores on the Beck Depression Inventory and Multiple Affect Adjective Checklist. Participants performed a key press task where the…

A study investigated the relationship of learning to problems that occur in the lives of adults. Of special interest were the dynamics of learning in natural/nonformal settings and the role of literacy in learning. Examination of research in reasoning and problem solving revealed two trends: increasing realization that much of what people do is…

The conceptions of learning of 29 students enrolled in the Social Science Foundation course of Open University, Great Britain, were analyzed in relation to the five conceptual categories of learning reported by Saljo (1979). The first three of these concepts describes learning as an increase in information, knowledge as external to the student,…

Reported are results of a replicated study designed to examine the relationships between university students' entry characteristics and achievement in biological science. Variables selected for examination included scholastic aptitude test (SAT) scores (quantitative and verbal); locus of control; grade point average; and achievement motivation.…

Making others especially fearful of what can happen if they ignore the advice given in a health-threat warning (fear appeal) encourages their acceptance of the message most of the time, though occasionally this strategy backfires. Current formulations of fear appeals are unable to reconcile these findings satisfactorily. The drive model notion…

To determine the effects of active student-initiated response lessons as an alternative to teacher-directed strategies for increasing reading comprehension, third grade children were placed into either an experimental or a control group. The experimental group received a series of lessons based on active student-initiated responses. These included…

In an investigation of the effectiveness of self-managed reading improvement programs, a program incorporating self-monitoring (observing and recording relevant activity), self-reinforcement (increasing the probability of some target behavior by the self-presentation of positive consequences or the removal of negative consequences), and shaping…

This report contains detailed descriptions of 49 sets of materials designed to be used for inservice teacher training in individualizing instruction, classroom management and discipline, and motivation. The report attempts to provide consumer information for teachers choosing materials for inservice training. Each entry consists of a summary of…

This publication includes 27 essays by English teachers on the central theme of activating passive students. Each essay describes a specific successful classroom strategy for involving students in doing English rather than in simply absorbing it. While the approaches are diverse, several concepts appear frequently, such as asking students to…