To investigate effects of pain cues on behavior, responses of high and low aggressive boys were followed either by pain cues or by nonpain cues. Overall, pain cues facilitated the rate of responding more than nonpain cues. More responses were made by high aggressive boys than by low aggressive boys. (Author)

Three experiments are described in which the qualitative nature of memorial processing was manipulated at both input (encoding) and output (retrieval). As in earlier research, it was found that retention levels were highest when the same type of information was used as a retrieval cue. Concludes that the notions of encoding specificity and depth…

Two experiments investigated the effects of a prior-cuing procedure on retention after short intervals. Results indicated that both latency of correct recall and category recall are facilitated by a cue statement administered prior to the recall test. Results are also discussed in relation to spreading-activation models of memory processing.…

The hypothesis that repetition of specific cues interferes with oddity learning was directly tested by comparing two groups of preschool children, one with repeated cues and the other with new cues on every trial. (Author/SB)

One-hundred and forty-four retarded persons, at two MA levels (11 and 6.5 years) were exposed to a list of paired-associates in which the stimulus terms were picture compounds of one animate and one inanimate object. (Author)

The relative effectiveness of semantic and structural retrieval cues was examined in men of three age groups: Group 1 (aged 20-39), Group 2 (aged 40-59), and Group 3 (aged 60-80). (Author/JMB)

Recent studies show that, although graphemic clues are fundamental to reading, older readers can effectively use syntactic and semantic context to improve their perception of word possibilities; the teaching of reading should include helping students increase their use of these supplemental cues. (JM)

Children's memory for a standardized, hierarchically organized event was tested in two experiments. Results indicated that the rudiments of a hierarchical structure had emerged after a single experience. Results are discussed in terms of implications for the development and organization of event memories. (PCB)

Gestural cueing may be used successfully with children who do not require exposure to a sign or total communication approach. Emphasizing cueing in both the training and generalization phases of language learning, this article discusses specific learning activities, the effect of motor components on language, and procedures for using gestural…

Assesses five- and 10-year-old children's understanding of second-order belief structures in acted stories in which two characters were independently informed about an object's unexpected transfer to a new location. Results show unexpected early competence around age six or seven under optimal conditions when inference of second-order beliefs is…

Eight subjects were tested for perceptual trading relations between a temporal and a spectral cue for the "say-stay" distinction. Results indicated that young children perceptually integrate multiple cues to a speech contrast in a phonetically relevant manner but that they may not give the same perceptual weights to the various cues as…

A five-minute social skills training package, consisting of instructions, modeling, and rehearsal, which preceded the conversation, combined with verbal prompts during the conversation was found to be more effective than the use of the package without verbal prompts in training three employed adults to ask appropriate questions. (Author/CL)

The Memory Tracer, which provides prompts by playing prerecorded appropriate messages, was effective in maintaining a low rate of negative verbalizations by six adolescents with autism, schizophrenia, and severe behavior problems. (CL) 4B

The capacity of examinees to develop cue-using strategies was examined, and the results suggest that students profit from knowledge of a particular test constructor's idiosyncrasies. The findings also lend weight to the argument that performance on test wiseness items is cue-specific. (Author/BW)

Confirms that single-hue color cues facilitate initial learning without being disruptive at transfer. (RB)