Meta-analysis was used to conduct an integrative review of the research on modifying attitudes toward persons with disabilities. Prior reviews, using small samples and lacking systematic data collection and analysis, were unable to draw firm conclusions about the effectiveness of attitude modification techniques. In the hope of correcting these…

Sixty-seven educational research journals were investigated to determine the frequency of usage of inferential statistical techniques therein. The most frequently used statistical methodologies in the literature reviewed, which utilized inferential approaches, are the following: analysis of variance, correlation, t-test, multiple analysis of…

Smith et al. (1980) analyzed 475 psychotherapy studies and concluded that individuals receiving treatment were better off than 80 percent of the untreated control groups. These studies were criticized on methodological grounds, particularly for failing to enable calculation of an index of effect size. To address these methodological issues, 20…

There exists an abundance of research on topics relevant to the decisions organizations must take in allocating and developing their resources. This paper addresses the problem of integrating those research results. Data needed for the meta-analysis approach to research integration are sometimes not available in the published literature.…

A meta-analysis was conducted on 44 educational studies that used either a (labelled) Hawthorne control group, a manipulation of Hawthorne effects, or a group designed to control for the Hawthorne effect. The sample included published journal articles, ERIC documents or unpublished papers, and dissertations. The studies were coded on 20 variables,…

A meta-analysis of findings from 31 separate studies showed that ability grouping has significant positive effects on the academic performance of elementary school children. The benefits of grouping tended to be small in the typical study of achievement --an increase from the 50th to the 58th percentile for the typical student in a grouped class.…

Reanalysis of data derived from a meta-analysis of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised, using a learning disability index derived from a principal-components analysis, found that the test discriminated reliably between 9,372 learning-disabled children and their non-disabled peers. (Author/CB)

Applied meta-analysis to several series of studies to evaluate the effectiveness of prevention centers. Results indicate that centers do attract a high-risk population; center clients were more likely to commit suicide than were members of the general population, and individuals who committed suicide were more likely to have been clients than were…

Used meta-analysis to review the literature regarding the correlation between self-supervisor, self-peer, and peer-supervisor ratings. Results indicated a relatively high correlation between peer and supervisor ratings, but only a moderate correlation between self-supervisor and self-peer ratings, with job type seeming to moderate self-peer and…

A review of 287 references describing computer applications with deaf children found 74 percent concerned academic applications, 7 percent were psychological investigations, and 19 percent were about general education. Analysis of the academic instruction references found only 9 percent reported efficacy data with degree of computer-assisted…

Used a meta-analysis to integrate the research literature on the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Antidepressants, such as clomipramine, and behavior therapy have produced appreciable changes in obsessive-compulsive and depressive symptoms. The effects of tricyclic medication and exposure therapies have not differed significantly, but…

Summarizes results of meta-analysis on findings of 41 different studies, yielding 77 correlation coefficients between measures of personality-environment congruence and well-being. Demonstrates congruence-achievement and congruence-stability correlations of .06 and .15 respectively, and a mean congruence-satisfaction correlation of .21, and after…

A meta-analysis examines studies concerned with the effects of vocabulary instruction on the learning of word meanings and on comprehension. It is concluded that vocabulary instruction has a significant effect on the comprehension of passages containing taught words, but significant effects are not found with all teaching methods. (Author/LMO)

Results of individaul evaluations of four classes of medical students' (N=213) performance in a communication and interview skills curriculum were synthesized using methods typically used in literary meta-analytic reviews. Results showed a significant positive effect. Implications for program evaluation are discussed. (JAC)

Methods for selecting relevant and appropriate quasi-experimental studies for inclusion in research synthesis using the threats-to-validity approach are presented. Effects of including and excluding studies are evaluated. (BS)