There was some evidence to support the suggestion that certain types of mentally handicapped children attend to singe cues rather than to total configuration. There was also evidence of perceptual distortion resulting in reversal and attraction to "good form." (Author)

Mildly retarded, equal MA, and equal CA individuals (total N=30) viewed tachistoscopic presentations of single element displays under a backward visual masking paradigm. The data revealed that, under minimal load conditions, the internal cue-selection component of selective attention for mildly retarded Ss is comparable to that of the nonretarded…

When college students attempted to integrate multiple cues into a single value judgment, the resulting cognitive load did not simplify cue-judgment relationships. Cue values were translated into judgment-relevant subjective values before integration. Findings support the information integration theory. (Author/CP)

Retrieval and response criterion explanations of the effects of text organization on memory were tested in four experiments. More target information was freely recalled when it was high than when low in content structure. Retrieval cues reduced recall differences between information high and low in the structure. (Author/RD)

The article explores the theory that the sense of hearing evolved to help an organism localize its position in space and perform aural analyses of that space and describes two major kinds of hearing loss--conductive and sensorineural. (PHR)

Aims at providing data for evaluating the proposition that associations between exteroceptive (outside) stimuli and illness play a role in determining the effect of unconditioned stimulus preexposure on subsequent taste aversion conditioning. (Author/RK)

Uses new approaches to differentiate three types of models describing intuitive numerical prediction. (Author)

This study compared students with (n=20) and without (n=40) learning disabilities (LD) on their recall of academic information and information encountered in their everyday lives. Students with LD performed poorly on both types of recall, suggesting that they may have problems with retrieval and working memory. The availability of cues…

Findings of a series of studies involving kindergarteners indicated that the delay technique was highly effective when the prompt had the same configuration as the correct stimulus and the prompt's position prevented control by irrelevant location cues. The effectiveness of delayed orientation prompting was not always matched by its efficiency.…

Results indicated that in both adults and infants combined cues facilitate discrimination of the phonemic contrast regardless of whether the cues cooperate or conflict. The three experiments did not support a phonetic interpretation of conflicting/cooperating cues for the perception of final stop consonant voicing. (Author/DB)

Alcoholic men (n=45) admitted for detoxification to treatment program underwent cue reactivity assessment protocol, and 91% received three-month follow-up interviews. Greater salivary reactivity predicted greater frequency of drinking during follow-up. Greater attention to stimulus or to response predicting less drinking. Cue reactivity did not…

Labels for toys were taught to 64 infants. In follow-in labeling, the experimenter labeled a toy at which infants were looking; in discrepant labeling, one at which they were not looking. Results revealed that infants learned follow-in labels and made no mapping errors after discrepant labeling. (BC)

Three experiments assessed the claim that preschoolers override form class cues in the interest of honoring word- meaning assumptions when acquiring new labels. Results demonstrated that children respected the form class cues when these cues and word-meaning assumptions suggested conflicting interpretations. It was suggested that past findings…

The hand computer, which combines word cards with a repetition system, has yielded positive results for memorizing words in foreign language learning. This system is superior to memorizing lists and is flexible in terms of both contents and type of learner. (Contains 34 references.) (JP)

Extended findings of a study that found that increasing the salience of perceptually important regions of nonsense word and sentence materials aids speech perception in noise by investigating the robustness of these enhancement techniques in improving consonant intelligibility for a range of different speakers and for groups of listeners with…