A study examined in detail the initial encoding of worked-out examples of mechanics problems by "good" and "poor" students, and their subsequent reliance on examples during problem solving. The subjects, three males and five females, were selected from responses to a university campus advertisement. Six of them were working…

A study investigated the learning styles of remedial students and the implications for computer-assisted instruction. The subjects were 31 sixth-grade Chapter 1 students from a middle school in Idaho who did not have learning disabilities nor were candidates for special education. The subjects were given the Reading Style Inventory (RSI). Results…

Eighty high school students enrolled in social studies classrooms participated in a study exploring the hypothesis that field dependence-independence is a perceptual dimension of cognitive style influencing text structure variables and the quality of free recall. Based on results of a test of field dependence/independence, 10 subjects served in…

An approach to developing materials and activities based on learners' individual needs begins with administration of the Learning Style Inventory, an instrument that identifies 32 factors related to student learning in four stimuli groups: environmental, emotional, sociological, and physical. With the printout of each student's learning style…

Teachers cannot afford to ignore the research findings on right and left brain functions. Basically, three things have been discovered: (1) each hemisphere of the brain processes information differently; (2) in some people, the hemispheres work well together, in others they are in a constant state of disagreement; and (3) each hemisphere is…

An irrelevant auditory probe procedure was employed to evoke brain event-related potentials (ERPs) in 56 right-handed Caucasian males while they learned concepts presented to them in study booklets. A mastery test was administered to assess concept acquisition. Subjects were divided into two groups according to whether or not their achievement…

The final report describes a project investigating the utility of dynamic assessment in measuring the cognitive functioning and learning characteristics of children with specific learning disabilities. Subjects were 229 fourth and fifth grade children with 75 of these diagnosed as children with specific learning disabilities. Measures of cognitive…

After examining several definitions of learning styles, this guide helps reading teachers identify the areas in which they need to adapt their practices in adjusting to differences in their students' learning styles. A 34-item Teacher Inventory of Adaptations for Learning Styles in Reading Classes checklist is provided in the guide. (MS)

This report discusses the current state of research into the visual effects of screen layout design, i.e., the arrangement of design elements on a screen. First, two types of design elements are described: technical (those things that engineers work with and that users have little or no control over), and comprehensibility (those elements that a…

The purpose of this study was to determine if there was any relationship between an individual teacher's preferred learning style and the amount of exhibited total stress. It also sought to determine if there was any specific area of stress which related to learning style. This was basically a replication of a study done in 1988 using a different…

Wagner and Sternberg (1985) defined tacit knowledge as knowledge that is usually not taught. They suggest that people who are adept at picking up and accumulating tacit knowledge tend to advance most rapidly in an organization. A study was conducted to determine whether tacit knowledge, as measured by the Tacit Knowledge Questionnaire (TKQ), is…

Use of a mediator to facilitate voluntary agreements between disputants is becoming a widely used method of conflict resolution in a variety of contexts. This study simulated a dispute to examine the influence of mediator and negotiator gender on mediator behavior. Male (N=94) and female (N=94) college students mediated a computer-simulated…

Two major areas of educational research are addressed in this book. The first explores recent theories and findings on the cognitive aspects of education. The second focuses upon research that examines education as a social institution. The following articles are presented: (1) "The History of Literacy and the History of Readers" (Carl F.…

This second paper in the intrapersonal skills series is concerned with belief systems and how individuals can manage self-esteem by internalizing assertion and awareness training program concepts. The introduction of the paper defines self-esteem and examines how individuals form their self-concepts. It is proposed that persons gather and…

Differences in cognitive styles or intellectual behavior can be attributed to different ecological and cultural influences on individuals. These influences, such as type of subsistence economy, social stratification, socialization, and role specialization, affect the development of a particular cognitive style which is determined by whether an…