Discusses burnout among bibliographic instruction librarians and describes the use of the Maslach Burnout Inventory and a Role Questionnaire with bibliographic instruction librarians in colleges in New England using a mailed survey. Relationships between levels of burnout and role stress, formal educational preparation, and faculty rank and status…

Describes the California Critical Thinking Dispositions Inventory (CCTDI), highlighting the test's seven subscales: inquisitiveness, open-mindedness, systematicity, analyticity, truth-seeking, critical thinking self-confidence, and maturity. Presents findings from a study using the CCTDI to determine the relationship between community college…

Three studies investigated preschoolers' reasoning about ability. Findings suggested sensitivity to mental state information when judging another child's ability, and they perceived positive correlations between effort and academic success, and "niceness" and high academic ability. Comparisons with 9- to 10-year-olds suggest that…

Whether word-reading processes operated similarly in 72 adult literacy students and 72 elementary school students matched for reading level was studied. The same orthographic and phonological processes appear to govern in both, but correlations between word reading and spelling were weaker for adults. (SLD)

A survey of 823 high school students found that the higher the adolescent is on a Need scale, the greater the likelihood of engaging in substance use. Further results indicated that cigarette smoking, drinking alcohol, and smoking marijuana are associated with significantly higher scores on the Need scale for both males and females. (RJM)

Discussion of peer assessment focuses on a study conducted in Taiwan that investigated networked peer assessment with high school and undergraduate students. Highlights include student attitudes toward peer assessment; peer-tutor correlation; and a measure of student satisfaction with networked peer assessment activities. (Author/LRW)

Examined relations between Hong Kong and English mothers' socialization goals and childrearing practices and their impact upon preschool peer competence. Found significant correlations between socialization toward filial piety and authoritarian practices, and valuing socioemotional development and authoritative parenting for both groups. Chinese…

This study examined teachers' concerns related to the integration of technology into teaching practices and compares these concerns with professional and ancillary demographic variables. Discusses a correlation among attendance of faculty development activities, integration level, and higher-order concerns; and correlations among gender, age, and…

Describes results of a survey of secondary school libraries in Israel that was conducted in 1983-84. Library characteristics related to type of community and type of school are described, including size of collection, hours of operation, and librarians' qualifications. School library use is also discussed. (six references) (LRW)

A study involving 1,521 high school seniors correlated commitment/alienation scores with student personal characteristics, grade point average, advanced courses taken, and indicators of academic effort/priority. Affective responses tended to be distributed symmetrically, and a student's place on the continuum was related to capacity to control…

Examines the sex-role socialization theory showing women less likely to cheat. Presents findings of a 1984 study, involving 165 college students, that examined the relationship between excuse making and actual cheating. Reports women were significantly more likely to make excuses before cheating. Suggests excuse making deflects restraining…

Tests how perceived self-efficacy influenced cognitive task performance among 64 Canadian college students. Shows students with high perceptions of self-efficacy, induced by positive feedback, completed more problems, had more efficient problem-solving strategies, and accurately self-evaluated responses. Illustrates self-efficacy's context…

This study assessed the validity of the Children's Physical Activity Form, an observational instrument which measures the intensity of children's physical activity, by comparing observer judgments of subjects' (N=40) activity intensity level with min-by-min heart rate values. Results document the validity of the instrument for observing physical…

Three correlation matrices (PEARSON, POLYCHORIC, and TOBIT) were used to obtain reliability estimates on ordered polytomous variable models. A Monte Carlo study with different levels of variable asymmetry and 400 sample correlation matrices demonstrated that the PEARSON matrix did not perform as well as did the other 2 matrices. (SLD)

Reports selected results of a study in which sixth-grade teachers' perceptions, opinions, and attitudes about instructional computing were examined. Implications about equitable access to computers in public schools are described, teachers' training for instructional computing is discussed, and implications for instructional designers are…