This study evaluated the efficacy of two proposed methods in an operational standard-setting study conducted for a high-stakes language proficiency test of the U.S. government. The goal was to seek low-cost modifications to the existing Yes/No Angoff method to increase the validity and reliability of the recommended cut scores using a convergent…

Expressing Left-Right relations is challenging for speaking-children. Yet, this challenge was absent for signing-children, possibly due to iconicity in the visual-spatial modality of expression. We investigate whether there is also a modality advantage when speaking-children's co-speech gestures are considered. Eight-year-old child and adult…

Norwegian embedded clauses give children two options for subject placement: preceding or following negation (S-Neg/Neg-S). In the adult language, S-Neg is the 'default' and highly frequent option, and Neg-S is infrequent in children's input. However, Neg-S may be argued to be the structurally less complex. We investigate whether children are aware…

Test preparation has garnered considerable attention in second language (L2) education due to the significant implications that successful performance on a language test may have for academic advancement, future career opportunities, and immigration prospects. Meanwhile, an overemphasis on test preparation has been criticized for encouraging the…

Students are expected to interpret the complexities and nuances of literary texts yet might struggle with interpreting texts in ways that are valued in literary studies. Examining students' language choices can support instructors and students with developing concrete, explicit understandings of the ways language creates meanings in discourse.…

The significance of teacher's assessment literacy (AL) was originally captured by the 1990 standards for teacher's competence in educational assessment. Competence in assessment has changed with the widespread use of recent technology advancements in educational assessment. Consequently, new measures are needed to measure Teacher Assessment…

This paper deals with problems stemming from linguistic variation in children's literature in a pluricentric language such as Spanish. Specifically, a paradigmatic case of the tensions will be studied, namely a collection of children's books about the Canary Islands, "Leyendas Canarias" (2012-2021). The sociolinguistic setting is the…

As a haven for the LGBTQIA+ community, Thailand has become a niche for EFL teachers from around the world, particularly Filipino transwomen. Despite gender discrimination in academia and being non-native English educators, they hold pivotal roles in connecting Thai students to the inner circle. This case study delves into the perceived and…

Background: The purported reciprocity between motivation and academic achievement in education has largely been supported by correlational data. Aims: Our first aim was to determine experimentally whether motivation and achievement are reciprocally related. The second objective was to investigate a potential behavioural mediation pathway between…

The focus of this research study is threefold: the exploration of language teaching objectives; and educators' beliefs and teaching behaviors with respect to critical intercultural competence; and the investigation of the impact of Critical Intercultural Competence training. In order to increase the validity and reliability of the findings, the…

Using an ethico-epistemic lens that integrates Latina decolonizing feminist thought, I examine the ways in which Latina dual language teachers in a Dual Language Bilingual Education (DLBE) program in Massachusetts mobilized epistemic authorship to address knowledge-based injustices that they experienced at work. The teachers enacted epistemic…

Critical Literature Pedagogy (CLP) is a teaching and assessment approach that promotes reading against the text and critically examining biases, norms, and stereotypes in literature. As literature teachers have limited knowledge of the use of CLP as an educational approach to teaching and assessment of literature, this practical action research…

Purpose: Vocabulary, grammar, and discourse skills represent distinct dimensions of language ability in young children. Research suggests that individuals with hearing loss often have difficulties with language skills as compared to their hearing counterparts. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to analyze the effectiveness of…

The MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories (CDI) are widely used, parent-report instruments of language acquisition. Here, we focus on the word-inventory sections of the instruments, and show two different approaches to modeling CDI data, based on real-world needs. First, we show that Words & Gestures data collected…

Linguacultural concept, which is a conditional mental unit, is a comprehensive study of language, consciousness and culture. This study examines linguacultural and cognitive image of personages in the works of Mukhtar Omarkhanuli Auezov (1897-1961). This study reveals linguacultural and cognitive mechanisms of word transformation in a literary…