Examines relationships between academic achievement and general self-esteem in light of variables of deviance, motivation, psychological distress, illness, and school absence using data from 242 high achieving students in grades 7 through 12 in a private, independent coeducational preparatory school. General self-esteem influences and is…

Findings from a study of 109 Israeli day-care providers suggest that they classify, label, and evaluate infant behavior in the Strange Situation procedure much like attachment theorists do. The relatively independent infants were viewed most positively and most providers preferred to interact with these infants. (SLD)

Birth and death certificates were correlated with information in the state Child Abuse and Neglect Registry on 104 abuse-related fatalities. Significant findings included young age of parents at first pregnancy; high rate of single parenthood; and lower educational achievement among mothers. A model for data collection is discussed. (Author/BRM)

Describes a theoretically principled Computer Attitude Measure (CAM) incorporating cognitive, affective, behavioral, and perceived control subscales that was tested on 647 preservice teachers. Previous research is reviewed; the effect of context is discussed; and correlations with computer awareness, applied software skill, and programing ability…

Discussion of scientific information and communication focuses on a study that considers the extent to which research orientation, interdisciplinary work, and disciplinary differences are associated with the use of information sources, with the extent of computer-mediated communication, and with experiencing scientific information overload.…

How different frames of reference affect the formation of mathematics and English self-concepts was studied for 14,825 high school sophomores from the High School and Beyond Study. Results are discussed in terms of the internal/external frame of reference model and the big-fish-little-pond effect. (SLD)

Summarizes research comparing boundaries around larger and smaller groups. Finds that the perception of group boundary permatbility varies with group size. Reports a greater perceived distinction between the group and the individual passerby as group size increases. Describes the effects of varying group member proximity. Discusses implications…

Discusses problems in academic research and their effects on libraries. Topics discussed include the trend toward rapid publication in the scientific fields; competition for academic research and development funding; the relationship between federal funding and publications; the role of libraries in the research process; and the role of vendors.…

Discussion of hypertext structures focuses on three studies of preservice teachers that assessed the effects of different methods of explicitly mapping expert knowledge structures onto hypertext on the acquisition of structural knowledge. Topics addressed include time on task, semantic networking, cognitive limitations of browsing behavior, and…

Describes a study that was conducted to examine the effects of captioned video material of varying difficulty on intermediate and advanced English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) students' comprehension with videotaped episodes presenting low and high audio/video correlation. Captions were found to be more important for low audio/video correlation. (17…

A study of logical reasoning ability of endusers searching a CD-ROM index and its correlation to searching performance was conducted at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Findings showed a correlation between cognitive skills and citation selection and indicated that computer system design can be improved using a cognitive engineering…

Describes a study that was conducted to examine gender differences in attitudes toward computers among high school students. Highlights include sex role behavior; students' interest in computers; stereotypes about computer users; self-confidence in ability to learn and use computers; and students' perceptions of parents' and teachers' attitudes…

Describes a study of undergraduates that examined the effects of behavioral versus cognitive review strategies on learning outcomes and depth of processing during computer-based instruction. Near and far transfer learning are discussed, the use of locus of control is explained, and posttest differences are examined. (eight references) (LRW)

A retrospective chart review was used to examine sexual behaviors and cognitive impairment in 200 youth (ages 5-18) with serious mental illness. Lower IQ was associated with increased sexual acting-out. For more serious victimizing sexual behaviors, only verbal IQ differences were statistically significant. Overall, sexual behavior disorders were…

Discussion of the appropriateness of evaluation criteria and measures for information retrieval focuses on a study that investigated the appropriateness of 20 measures, including precision and recall, for evaluating interactive information retrieval performance representing 4 major evaluation criteria. The importance of user satisfaction in…