Subject groups were classified on the basis of behavioral ratings for degree of anxiety exhibited and level of social skill displayed during a simulated dating interaction. Subjects were then asked to view and evaluate their own skill performance and the performance of bogus subjects during the same interaction when presented on videotape. All…

A study on sentence processing involving rehearsal, response initiation, and mental transformation required the subject to perform a secondary task concurrently with transformation of a sentence previously given. A secondary task interruption technique was used to allow inferences as to where the planning occurs by measuring increases in task time…

A study was conducted to provide an assessment of the general efficiency of working memory in relation to level of field articulation. The task required a subject to retain a series of digits for subsequent report while performing a semantic modification of a target phrase. The working memory hypothesis predicts that the joint impact of high…

The objective of this study was to identify those cognitive characteristics that best differentiate the Navy's Basic Electricity and Electronics (BE/E) Preparatory School graduates and failures. Subjects included 207 BE/E students--172 graduates and 35 failures. Before these trainees had commenced BE/E School, they were administered six tests of…

The paper reports results and discusses implications of three studies on captioning films and television programs for deaf audiences. Study I dealt with the short-term visual memory required in recognition of fingerspelled letters, while study II focused on serial position effects and forward making (interference produced by first stimulus on the…

A study was undertaken to investigate the attitudes of journalism students towards journalistic ethics. The 52 respondents completed a questionnaire at the beginning and end of a senior-level journalistic ethics course; the questionnaire contained 49 opinion statements reflecting diverse ethical behavior of journalists. Factor analysis revealed…

This paper reviews and summarizes selected findings concerning two hypotheses about perceptual abilities; field dependence-independence and the Carpenter Theory. The conclusion of the paper discusses the implications and applications of these research findings to the pedagogy for Asian American students. The review indicates that different ethnic…

Critically reviewed evidence relevant to hypotheses of biological sources of sex-related cognitive differences as they relate to mathematics achievement include the following: explanations based on the assumption of greater variability in male cognitive performance; sex-related differences in serum urate; effects of estrogens compared to androgens…

The purpose of this study was to identify cognitive styles for successful and unsuccessful science students at the secondary level. Additional purposes were to identify common and unique elements in these composite cognitive styles and to substantiate the description of the groups of successful and unsuccessful science students according to the…

Field-dependent and field-independent cognitive styles of Chicano mothers were examined in relation to: (a) the role that cognitive styles play in determining individual differences in maternal teaching strategies; (b) the role of maternal teaching strategies as mediators of children's development of cognitive style; (c) the emergence of field…

It sometimes happens that one is unable to recall a word or name that he feels he knows very well. This state of frustrated recall is referred to as a tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) experience. Two experiments were devised to compare the ability of a weak trace and a decoding-failure model to predict the conditions under which TOT reports would be most…

The impulsivity-reflexivity dimension of cognitive style is a variable that significantly affects a learning/teaching situation. Previous investigations have suggested, for example, that learners with an impulsive cognitive style are at a disadvantage in problem-solving situations. This review focuses on investigations into four specific…

The ability to use language as a means of thought expression is a growth process. It is necessary, therefore, for college-level developmental courses to concentrate on strengths stemming from the student's communication in an informal environment, rather than on skill deficiencies reflected in test scores. To achieve this, the teacher must know…

The exploratory study focused on the existence, variability, and effectiveness of adult learning styles among participants receiving computer-based instruction in the metric system. A pretest was administered to 75 adults not currently involved in formal educational programs, and 40 participants were selected whose pretest indicated no knowledge…

This study investigated two methods for establishing a systematic, selective, attending strategy in a memory task for children. One method was direct training of a specific strategy, employing instructions, fading, modeling, and prompts to direct the child's attention to the relevant features and to organize systematic looking behavior. The second…