Compared individual differences and treatment effectiveness in male volunteer alcoholics (N=47) in a 10-day electroconditioning aversion program. Follow-up showed combination therapy was more successful. Internals and hard liquor drinkers tended to be abstinent as predicted. Field dependency was a more unstable variable for outcome. (Author/JAC)

Investigated whether assertive and nonassertive individuals differ in defense mechanisms they most typically rely on when confronted with interpersonal stress and conflict. Results indicated assertive males and females both endorsed the most adaptive defense mechanism cluster, whereas nonassertive males and females endorsed more primitive defense…

This article stresses the importance of objectivity in the evaluation and assessment of preschool hearing impaired Hispanic bilingual children. A case illustration is presented to demonstrate the need for objectivity in the team evaluation process, and guidelines are presented for use in working with Hispanic families. (Author/CJ)

Compared homeless aged men who live on the Bowry or in hotel rooms in New York City. Results showed homelessness is not a uniform category. Sociability differentiated them from nonhomeless age peers and socioeconomic status differentiated the two groups; also found differences in each groups' social adaptation. (Author/JAC)

Examined the Life Satisfaction Index A (LSIA) by factor analytic techniques. Although the results indicated a strong need for caution, there was evidence of an alternative interpretation of the LSIA that has a degree of consistency across racial and gender categories. These findings raise implicit questions about prior research. (Author/JAC)

Discusses a series of six studies that investigated the performance of 66 reading and learning disabilities specialists and classroom teachers who diagnosed simulated reading or learning disability cases and suggested remediation plans. Results indicate that both commonality and individual agreement among participants was very low. (AEA)

Reviews the literature on the nature of processes within reading groups of different ability levels and the effects of these processes on children's reading development. Presents a perspective on instructional-social contexts for reading instruction. (AEA)

Examined correlated neuropsychological performance in male chronic alcoholics and non-alcoholic controls. Results showed external locus of control (LOC-E) scores to predict performance on neuropsychological tests in alcoholics but not in controls. Suggests the LOC-E variables cannot account for the widespread differences between the groups on…

Results indicated that children judged "imitative" and "contingent" tended to use primarily new information in resolving contradictory motive information in two stories (i.e., the stories' constructs), while children judged "noncontingent" tended to resolve anomalous information by interpreting the stories in terms of old information (i.e., their…

Examines the psychosocial and academic problems resulting from overplacement or premature enrollment of primary school children. The educational system compounds the problem by ignoring the differences in maturation levels among children of the same age. The possibility of speeding up maturation rates and suggestions for preventing overplacement…

Indices of scatter on the WISC-R and McCarthy Scales were examined for 20 educable mentally retarded and 20 learning disabled children in relation to 20 matched controls and to standardization samples. Exceptional children exhibited more subtest scatter and variability than the standardization sample but not more than the control group. (Author/RD)

Compared high-school students differing in achievement motivation in a learned helplessness experiment. A strong helplessness effect was observed in both high- and low-achievement motivation groups. Results show a strong learned helplessness effect unrelated to individual differences in achievement motivation and refute claims that helplessness…

Other-directed (interpersonally sensitive) or inner-directed (interpersonally less sensitive) students (N=80) observed a videotape of a person acting in either a role-consonant or a role-deviant manner. As expected, there was significantly less variance among the ratings when other-directed observers viewed role-deviant behavior than in the other…

Describes the Death Threat Index and its underlying theoretical base and procedure. Suggests if the procedure is varied slightly, a more qualitative picture of a subject's construct of death is possible. The significance of the complexity and individuality of death constructs for death education programs is considered. (Author/JAC)

Organizational barriers to creativity are examined. It is noted that resistance to change is a major impediment to creative problem solving in most organizations. Understanding the barriers to change that exist is viewed to help people exercise and develop their creativity more fully and effectively. (MP)