The cognitive styles of fifth-grade students and their teachers were assessed. Some teachers were made aware of the educational implications of field-dependence-independence and of the individual styles of their students and themselves. Self-concept and attitude toward school were measured prior to and at the conclusion of the experiment.…

Investigated personality dimensions concomitant with learner's cognitive rigidity. Results indicated the personality dimensions of tenseness, compulsivity, group dependency, absent-mindedness, sensitivity, and emotional stability explained 36 percent of the variability in subjects' increasing levels of cognitive rigidity. Showed a pervasive use of…

Geometric matrix problems were presented to 11- and 14-year-olds and adults to investigate latency to solution as a function of number of elements (1-3) and of transformations (0-2) that had to be considered for correct solution. At all ages latencies increased as the number of elements and number of transformations increased. (Author/DB)

Ways to implement individualized instruction according to each student's learning style are outlined, such as programed instruction, student tutoring, community experiences, games, group work, and learner goal-setting. Includes a list of learning styles and suggestions for materials management, assignment recording, and grading. (MF)

By taking into consideration each student's learning style, instruction can be offered in a learning center using whichever method insures the best results for that individual. (Author/MK)

Reactions of students with four achievement styles based on combinations of the Achievement via Conformance and the Achievement via Independence scales of the California Psychological Inventory to small group learning experiences are explored as a function of group composition, achievement styles, and the demands of different tasks over time.…

With a sample of 113 undergraduate education majors using self-instructional materials, this study investigated possible interactions of aptitude and treatment between the cognitive styles of field-dependence and field-independence and (1) active-responding or passive-responding teaching strategies and (2) immediate or delayed posttest evaluation…

In a study of elementary students, the relationship between the Matching Familiar Figures (MFF) and social and emotional adjustment were higher than correlations between MFF and achievement. Suggests MFF performance is related more to adjustment than achievement. Latency in MFF scores did not predict achievement or adjustment. (Author/JAC)

Different movement difficulties were presented and Fitts' Law was confirmed, with a linear relationship between movement time and information load. Measures of capacity placed ESN boys at least five years behind age-matched normal boys. Their performance was also lower, yet their strategies on the serial task followed similar patterns. (Author/SJL)

Undergraduates were grouped into various study and review conditions to determine the effect of using a preferred or nonpreferred study technique and of being familiar or unfamiliar with an assigned reading topic. Students who preferred reading and were familiar with the topic achieved the best performance after reading. (Author/GDC)

Six fourth graders learned paired associates of their choice under high and low reinforcement conditions. Equivalent lists were also studied as homework on which correct test responses were reinforced equally. The children preferred to study and learned more on the highly reinforced lists during the experimental sessions. (Author/GDC)

Standardized tests are merely a place to begin evaluation. As an alternative, criterion-referenced measures offer more specific information. The end point of assessment must involve diagnostic teaching and continuous evaluation of real-life task and setting modifications. (Author/CP)

The article discusses the impact of cultural pluralism (the degree of cultural differences which are fostered and encouraged by society) on teacher training and advocates a broader, empirically based approach to teacher training in the area of multicultural special education. (DLS)

Reports three experiments investigating the relationship of the suffix effect and echoic memory. Shows that echoic memory persists for at least 20 seconds. Illustrates that echoic memory can be used to establish a more effective nonechoic memory. Shows that recency recall is higher to auditory than to visual items. (PMJ)

Favors community college recognition of the diversity of potential college students. Argues for research into the major areas and stages of adult development through analysis of individual ego, moral, and intellectual differences in relation to individual orientations toward knowledge, educational practices, and programmatic alternatives. (CM)